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Text Chapter 454 Immigration and the Future

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    "So, all the mines on the map are real?"

    After the New Year¡¯s Eve dinner, both Jiang Fangzhen and Cai Jimin were brought into the study by Yang Qiu. Fang Rui immediately explained the map in detail.  Ever since Yue Peng went to the Western Front, Cai Jimin, the top executive of the nine northeastern provinces, has been under great pressure. His own reform and development of the Northeast and the Korean issue have not yet been resolved. Now he has begun to march northward. For him, there is no doubt that  It's a big challenge.  Especially now that I heard that Yang Qiu took the initiative to provide resources to Japan, I almost jumped up.  .

    Fang Rui replied expressionlessly: "There are a large number of Siberian resource survey documents in places such as Yekaterinburg and Irkutsk. This map was drawn by us after integrating these documents. Except for the Amur River Basin, which was revised, all other maps are  It actually exists!¡±

    Jiang Fangzhen was also slightly shocked, lit a cigarette and looked at Yang Qiu with a mixture of admiration and worry.  It is really heartbreaking to give 100 million tons of coke, 200 million tons of iron ore and Sakhalin oil to Japan for free. Although the environment in these areas is difficult, knowing the location and extracting it are two different things, but with Japan's current desire for resources, it can  They will definitely mobilize a large number of North Korean workers to mine in the above-mentioned areas.  With these things, Japan will be able to emerge from the recovery period of the Sino-Japanese War within two or three years, and may even further strengthen its already obviously superior navy.  So ordinary people must think that Yang Qiu is crazy, but he knows very well that these mines are poisonous fruits!

    Japan originally wanted to advance north, but now that this map is in their hands, as long as they send people to investigate whether there are indeed mineral deposits, if it is true, they will definitely take full action, which will inevitably lead to a conflict with the United States, which is jealous of the area.  The Japanese army suffered heavy losses in the Sino-Japanese War, but its naval strength was not damaged.  As long as the Anglo-Japanese alliance exists, the Japanese navy will always be a mountain in Northeast Asia and even the Southwest Pacific, and even the United States will not be able to break it in the short term.  As long as the Republic of China remains weak in the fight for sea power, the United States, which wants to gain sea power in the Pacific, must deal with Japan first.  Thinking of this, he couldn't help but be fascinated, exhaled white smoke and said: "If the poor party can strive to control the Russian power, Britain and France will be hindered by them in the next few years. The confrontation between the United States and Japan in the Pacific Haha, we finally have something  It's a longer period of no interference, that is" He glanced at Cai Jimin, who was full of worry, and said with a smile: "I'm afraid Xiangpu doesn't even have time to be intimate with his wife."

    "You, Jiang Baili, will be a disaster if you let him go." Cai Jimin was amused by him and started laughing and scolding him.  In fact, he also vaguely understood Yang Qiu's thoughts, but he was not as thorough as Jiang Fangzhen. Now it was completely clear after his explanation, but there was one thing that he was worried about: "Japan's northward advance will definitely conflict with the United States and strengthen its naval power.  If necessary, the threat to our country's coast will also increase a lot! And the Poor Party must find an ally even if it needs to break through our blockade. Will these two families come together in the future?  "

    The Soviet Union and Japan formed an alliance?  This reverie made Yang Qiu tremble. Is this possible?  He shook his head and put the idea aside for now because there was so much to do in the next five years.

    After Japan advances northward, the conflict between the United States and Japan for sea power in the Northeast Pacific will inevitably reopen. The Republic of China is currently unable to participate in this game in terms of national strength and manufacturing capabilities.  There are no big problems in the north. Both factions in Russia are accumulating strength. As long as they wait for the Brest-Litovsk Treaty to be signed, there will be a big fight. After the Ural Mountains are cut off, Britain and France will also need to rely on themselves.  As long as Kolchak comes back and hands over Ural to him, the mission is over.  As for the Mongolian rebels and the poor party's guerrillas in Siberia, the problem is not that big. The Urals cannot be opened in one day.  The power of the poor party in the entire Siberia will not become a climate. After they open the Urals, the three major fortresses and railways in the northwest can also be completed without fear.  Therefore, Jiang Fangzhen is right when he says that at least the next five years will be the period when the external pressure of the Republic of China is at its lowest, so these five years are extremely critical, and these five years must be used to lay the foundation for social reform.

    How much can be done in five years!  My original idea of ??deciding externally first and then internally could finally be realized. If it was done well, there would not be much external pressure in the Republic of China before 1925.  So his thoughts gradually turned to the construction of Northeast China.  Asked: "Xiangpu, how are things in the Northeast?"

    Northeastern immigration, pioneering and industrial development are the three most important events after military control.  The Qing Dynasty's closed policy resulted in the sparse population in the nine northeastern provinces. Even with the implementation of relocation policies to benefit people in recent years, there has been little improvement.  Cai Jimin took out the prepared document and said: "This is the Northeastern census report at the end of last year. As of the end of last year, the population of the nine Northeastern provinces increased from 18 million in 1911 to 22 million, of which Manchus, Koreans, Mongolians and Russians totaled  2.5 million, and the rest are Han people. They mainly live in Liaodong Peninsula, Fengtian, Changchun, Jilin, Harbin, Mudanjiang, Jiamusi and other places. The vast majority of the population are ordinary farmers. There are 350,000 registered workers, of which 300,000 are low-end  and handicraft workers. Although heavy industry workers have Fengtian and ChangThey were cultivated in Hanyang, and another batch was cultivated through Hanyang, but even if Harbin is included, there are only more than 50,000.  Fengtian and Changchun are two heavy industrial zones selected by the National Development and Reform Commission. The two major steel plants alone require at least 30,000 workers. Dalian's shipbuilding is also developing.  Half of the machinery and equipment shipped back from Russia this time will be left in Northeast China to form two major industrial groups.  According to estimates, in three years the two major industrial groups in the Northeast will have a total of 110 factories in the military, shipbuilding, truck, aircraft, train, chemical industry, and oil refining industries, requiring about 500,000 workers to support them!  At present, there are 6 universities and 37 other technical schools in 9 provinces in Northeast China. With the factory's own training, there will still be a shortage of more than 200,000 in three years!  This does not include the needs of private factories.  "

    Skilled workers are the most indispensable link in industrial construction. If it were not for the serious shortage of workers, the steel plants under construction in Changchun and Anshan would not be struggling, and the steel production in the Republic of China would not be progressing so slowly, so Yang Qiu heard  Here, there is an urge to immediately recall the hundreds of thousands of workers who went to France.

    Cai Jimin continued: "The main reason for the slow development is education. The Northeast is not as rich as the south of the Yangtze River. In the early years, banditry was serious and the people suffered. The literacy rate is far worse than that of the rich areas in Guannei. The largest educated people are Russians, Koreans and Manchus! Although this  In the past few years, life has been peaceful and free education has been implemented, but currently most of them are children in primary and secondary schools, and there are still very few who have actually completed their studies and entered technical schools and universities. Last time, when Minister Zhang Taiyan came to inspect the education situation, he said that the level of education in Northeast China and the needs of workers  If you want to make a breakthrough, you have to wait at least until these primary and secondary school students grow up. It will take about ten years. Although the educational foundation is not good, the trend of social reform is improving. In the three years since we came out of seclusion, we have eliminated a total of 237 large bandits, and there are two more  More than a thousand small bandit caravans have been arrested or disbanded, and some have been sent to labor camps to clear up wasteland. A total of 350,000 guns of various types and 120 million rounds of ammunition have been collected. After the Russian forces are eliminated this time, the most unrest is probably North Korea.  However, they now rely on us, and they are mainly distributed in the Changbai Mountains and Tonghua area. The National Guard and the garrison have opened special residential areas for them. Starting this year, they are also planning to adopt an entry and exit registration system. When North Korea stabilizes in the future, they will be released.  Send them all back.

    We are also strengthening the urban construction you promoted.  By the end of last year, 172 new market towns had appeared in nine provinces, mainly those newly added after immigrants settled in the fields.  Farmland water conservancy construction is relatively fast. This is because our Northeast is the first place in the country to adopt mechanized farming. Currently, there are a total of 870 tractors of various types and thousands of pumps and small generators in the Northeast, most of which are concentrated in 80 state-owned enterprises.  Inside the farm.  With the help of tractors, the grain output of state-owned farms accounted for 20% of the total output last year.  The National Development and Reform Commission and our goal is to increase the number of tractors to more than 10,000 within five years through imports and self-construction.  The number of farms will increase to 350, and the output will account for more than 60%.

    Electricity and roads are the other two largest projects, with coal power plants in Changchun, Fengtian and Harbin already built.  We have selected six hydroelectric power plants on the Songhua River, Nen River, Liao River and Heilongjiang River, and two sites on the Tumen River and Yalu River. However, whether to start construction of these two sites cannot be decided until the situation in North Korea is peaceful.  Funding for hydropower plants is not a problem. The problem is that water conservancy construction talents and materials such as cement and steel cannot keep up.  The track reconstruction of Changchun Railway (South Manchuria Line, Changchun to Dalian) and Fengxin Railway (Fengtian to Sinuiju, North Korea) have been completed. The transformation of the China Eastern Railway will start next month. The roadbed of the Changchun to North Korea Musan Railway has been built to Yanji. However,  The rails from the steel mill are supporting the Baoku Railway. When I sent a telegram to Mr. Cai, he said that he would have to wait until at least June for the American rails to arrive before he could give them to me.  "

    After military control, the Northeast finally showed a new atmosphere.  Cai Jimin has indeed worked hard, but the weakness of poor human resources and overall national strength has also been fully exposed in this construction.  There is a lack of design talents, the education level is worse than in Guanhai, the steel and cement production is insufficient due to various reasons, and the struggle at the forefront of geopolitics is fierce, so it is very good to be able to do this.  In terms of industry, Yang Qiu is not too worried. Industrial bases within the Guanzhong Pass such as Hanyang, Chongqing, Zhengzhou, Jiangnan and Mawei all train workers and reserve talents twice as much as actual needs.  When all the Russian equipment is shipped back, it can immediately support Baotou, Northeast China, and even support Yunnan in building the southwest Shuicheng steel plant that it has always wanted to build.  The education level in the mainland is also much better. The more than 10,000 English and French teachers stipulated in the "Plum Blossom Agreement" have also been put in place. Technical schools are popping up in endlessly. All that is needed is time, not to mention that I still have in my hands the students who will be able to return to China in two years.  Hundreds of thousands of workers have gone to Europe, many of whom have become the backbone of British and French factories.

    ¡°On the contrary, immigration made him very depressed.  From 18 million to 22 million, the number only increased by 4 million in 3 years. Many of them were immigrants brought in by workers from the mainland, and there were hundreds of thousands of military family members. This means that the government actually only immigrants 1 million per year, which is too few!  According to his original idea, before 1925, at least 30 million people would have to immigrate from the nine northeastern provinces and 20 million from Xinjiang and the three northwestern provinces. Only in this way could the population pressure in the customs be reduced. However, the actual operation has not been able to meet the requirements.Is it really that difficult for Chinese people to break their love for the soil?

    Yang Qiu thought of the Homestead Act that Lincoln had implemented and laid the foundation for the development of the western United States, and asked: "Xiangpu, how many people can we absorb if we sell land directly on the market, based on 10 yuan per household and 20 acres of land?"  ?¡±

    Cai Jimin thought about it and said: "If this is done, it will be able to absorb a lot of immigrants quickly, but land sales can easily be exploited for speculation, and the pros and cons are huge."

    Jiang Fangzhen had heard of the U.S. Homestead Law, and somewhat understood what Yang Qiu meant, and asked: "Does the Vice President want to learn from Abraham Lincoln's U.S. Homestead Law?"

    Yang Qiu nodded: "Immigration from the Northeast and Northwest cannot be delayed. Although we have established many state-owned farms and have gradually begun to learn mechanized farming, human resources in both places are seriously insufficient. The Northeast can still make do, but the Han population in the Northwest is less than 5 million.  I really can¡¯t put my mind at ease. So I want to learn the Homestead Law. Based on the calculation of 20 acres of land for 10 yuan per household, each household is not allowed to purchase more than 100 acres, and the land must be cultivated for five years before it can be owned by the purchaser. And it must be stipulated that,  The land obtained through this bill will not be bought or sold within 20 years! In 20 years, basically one generation can grow up. Once the human resources are sufficient, the border defense between the two places can be solved. The increase in the Han population will also dilute the proportion of minority tribes, which will stabilize the situation.  these areas.¡±

    After listening to the explanation, both of them felt that it could be implemented. After all, domestic land reform was only carried out in Henan, Shaanxi and other places, and there were many landless people in other provinces. This policy would be very attractive to them, but both of them said that on the details  It must be detailed, and speculation in land sales must be eliminated to avoid large-scale hoarding.  With their detailed analysis, Yang Qiu felt that it was necessary to return to Nanjing as soon as possible to start domestic social reform.  In addition to immigration, population policies and household registration policies must also be implemented as soon as possible. 450 million was not too much pressure in an era when medical standards were low. But as the pressure on medical care and national life becomes easier, a population explosion will definitely come.  These must set the tone within five years, and with the Spanish flu coming, preventive measures for troops on the Western Front and Chinese workers must be deployed in advance.  So after the two left, he reorganized his ideas on immigration and population policies.  When he raised his head, he realized that it was already dawn outside, so he stood up and walked to the window to stretch. His eyes were suddenly attracted by the unerased Russian nameplate on the door of the villa, and he suddenly remembered the thoughts that he had suppressed last night.

    Japan and the Poor Party join forces?  Is it possible?

    If Japan¡¯s northern advance ultimately fails, will it lead to a major outbreak of domestic problems?  The poor party needs to break through the encirclement of the capital world. If it is impossible for China to break through, will it develop towards Japan and North Korea?  Furthermore, as long as he cannot break through the strategic node of Irkutsk, it means losing control of Eastern Siberia. After Stalin comes to power, he will inevitably deploy millions of troops in Central Asia and Siberia to contain him. Then he will definitely not be able to maintain it.  With regard to Germany's huge military strength, under this circumstance, is it possible for Hitler, the little bearded man, and Stalin, the big bearded man, to reach some kind of compromise?  You know, Poland in the parallel world almost brought these two dictators under the banner of socialism together!

    Yang Qiu suddenly shuddered!  Suddenly I discovered thatbecause of my appearance, the familiar history and politics have become completely unfamiliar, and the world is heading towards an unpredictable era.

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