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Text Chapter 536 Reform and Crisis

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    All-metal aircraft?  Moreoverit also changed the mainstream thinking of double wings and top single wings and adopted a standard lower single wing!  The wing root area is made of aluminum skin for a smooth transition.

    Who are the stowaways?

    Cai E, who accompanied the inspection, was also stunned. Miao Luo kept thinking how could metal fly?  Tan Yankai simply walked up, knocked on the skin to make sure it was metal, and then asked: "Yunhua, is this made of white iron?"

    "It's not iron, it's alloy aluminum developed in Chongqing." Whether it's Bayuzao or Zhou Houkun, or the technicians and ordinary workers next to them, the more they see the surprised expressions, the more they can't help but smile happily, and introduce to everyone:  "The main support structure is made of steel pipes, and the outer surface is made of alloy aluminum. We have also modified the shape of the fairing and wings, and have also conducted air blowing experiments."

    Looking at the excited two people, Yang Qiu was also very happy, but his happiness was different from others.  In fact, there is no aircraft in the world that can surprise him. What makes him happy is the appearance and concept!  Because if you just look at the photos, you will definitely think that this is a product after 1930.

    All-metal aircraft are not a new technology. As early as 1915, Junkers produced the world's first J1 all-metal aircraft, and the J2 model was launched the next year.  The Rhineland Project also brought back a large amount of information on Germany's development of all-metal aircraft.  In addition to Germany, the French Breguet 14 model at the end of the European War used a large amount of metal materials on the fuselage frame. It is known as the first model in aviation history to enter mass production with metal as the main material of the fuselage.  The Haidong Qingding type developed in the same year also used Duralumin for the first time in the frame, nose engine compartment and fairing fairing.  Moreover, according to Wu Qingdu's report, Wang Zhu and others also started the development of all-metal aircraft last year.

    He is happy to have a private enterprise like this.  Some young people who organized themselves for their dreams persisted in their faith and determination to create the future even though their technology, capital and processing capabilities were inferior to their opponents!  They are the country's hope for the future.

    But it is not a simple matter to send it to the sky and have good flight performance. Just look at the engine next to it and you will know that they have also encountered thorny problems for aviation designers all over the world. Compared with their dreams, they are seriously lagging behind.  Dynamic performance.  Tan Yankai didn't understand technology. He just thought it was a bit whimsical to let heavy metal fly to the sky.  He asked: "Yunhua, can this fly?"

    The European War stimulated the development and trend of all-metal aircraft. Zhou Houkun, who had just returned, felt this craze best.  As the chief designer, his dream is to send a true all-metal fighter to the sky before foreign countries. He was afraid that Yang Qiu didn't know, so he explained: "There is no problem in flying. The main structure of this aircraft was developed in Chongqing."  Duraluminum is much lighter than steel. We have calculated it. About 380 horsepower can make it fly smoothly into the sky. But this horsepower is still too small, and the flight performance will be poor after it takes to the sky, and it cannot carry other things except the pilot.  , the fuel tank can only guarantee a flight range of 100 kilometers.¡±

    Tan Yankai suddenly realized it and said, "No wonder I saw you guys tinkering with the engine as soon as I came in."

    Bayama said: "The engine is the most important part of the aircraft. The first important thing about whether the aircraft is good or not is the engine. If you want this aircraft to fly well, it needs at least 550 horsepower, but now the engines in various countries are between 350 and 400, so we  Prepare to build one yourself.¡±

    "By the way, what did the vice president mean by overheating just now?"

    Tan Yankai is a typical conservative official. It was rare that Yang Qiu passed by Hunan for an inspection and became interested.  Go to the engine and take a closer look.  When the governor asked Zhou Houkun, he naturally took the initiative to explain and said: "Vice President, Governor Tan, look here." He pointed to the heat sinks on the engine cylinder that were densely packed like paper-like paper and said: "This is the air heat sink."

    "During flight, cold air will blow here from the nose of the aircraft, taking away the high temperature on the radiator. This eliminates the need to install an additional circulating cooling water tank. But this method of heat dissipation requires high requirements for casting and precision machining! The entire engine, including the radiator, is It is first cast and formed as a whole, and then manually polished, acid milled and polished, so the most skilled workers need about 1,200 working hours for each such engine. Our precision casting technology is not as good as Europe and the United States, so the working hours and cost are not as good as foreign countries, and the quality It is also unstable. At present, the United States and Germany have the best precision casting technology in the world. The United States has 71 radiators for a single cylinder. Germany has 70 fins. In my country, it is generally around 55. The heat dissipation and stability are only 80% of those of the two companies. Still Because there are often defects such as blisters during casting, the yield rate is only about 50%, while in Europe and the United States it can reach 70%.

    Yang Qiu touched the radiator on the cylinder with his hand and smiled bitterly in his heart.  Is 71 tablets too much?  Ten years later, the famous Double Wasp engine's single-cylinder cooling blades reached 172, and they were all precision cast in one go!  This shows how far the precision casting technology in the United States has reached.  Moreover, precision casting is one of the basic industries. From mold design to final pickling and polishing, the whole process is nothing.Other high-tech and materials are completely a test of processing technology.  Not to mention the heat sink, which is as thin as paper, the mere presence of blisters and impurities can destroy a blank worth thousands.

    This is also the main reason why the American Hornet engine can lead the world. Many countries end up stuck in processing technology and material technology. This shows how important basic industry is. Industrial processing capability is the real cornerstone of all new technologies!  This is also the main reason why he has been working hard to improve the basic industry from beginning to end, because even if he takes out the drawings, many things cannot be made with the current processing capabilities.  There is also the consideration of cultivating the innovativeness of technical personnel, especially after the appearance of this all-aluminum aircraft.

    China has no shortage of innovative talents. As more and more young people go abroad, high-end talents will continue to emerge.  But when they come back to serve the country and dream of using their expertise, he turns them into replicators. What a terrible sight it will be!  On the road of science, the results bring only joy. The real scenery is on the road. History has also proved that countless great inventions were accidentally obtained by skilled hands on the journey, creating masters who have been handed down for generations.  So this incident also reminded him secretly.  Data machines should be used as little as possible for non-essential key technologies, so as not to be happy for a while but leave a century-old regret for the nation.

    However, there are currently two key technologies available.

    No, it should be said to be the key idea.

    Yang Qiu winked at Kuang Xukun and asked Lei Meng and the guards to take the irrelevant personnel away. After that, he and Miao Luo sat in front of the plane, touched the skin and asked, "Have you ever thought about how long it will take to develop a new engine?"  ?¡±

    A trace of embarrassment flashed across Bayusao's face. To be honest, he really never thought he could succeed.  Even though the factory is not small in size.  There are more than 200 employees up and down, but compared with foreign countries, it lacks much background.  For now, Dura Aluminum is from Chongqing.  The engine is also imitated using Chongqing as a template, and the aerodynamic shape also uses some foreign technology, so so far there is nothing that can be used.  What's more, the aviation industry is known as a money-burning industry in Europe and the United States.  Most of the investment sponsors are millionaires. If it were not stimulated by the European War, half of the world's aircraft factories would have closed down.  The savings of several years and even the entrepreneurial funds supported by Yang Qiu are all gone. If it weren't for the support of OEM, I'm afraid it would have fallen apart.

    But he couldn¡¯t give up easily, so he gritted his teeth and said, ¡°It could take as little as three years, or as many as five years, and I think we can achieve a breakthrough.¡±

    "Five years is not a long time, but have you ever considered that you still don't have your own products? How many talents can you retain by relying on the profit of OEM? You just said it yourself. Each engine costs several thousand, five  How many units will be scrapped next year?"

    Yang Qiu¡¯s words made the two of them look stiff, and they secretly screamed, ¡°It¡¯s terrible. Is all their hard work really going to be wasted?¡±  Miao Luo, who was sitting next to him, saw the two of them sad and said, "Chen Hua, why don't you let my brother invest in research together?"

    Yang Qiu smiled and patted her hand.  He smiled and said: "As the saying goes, disaster relief does not help the poor, and the same principle applies when engaging in industry. Even if we borrow money or find people to invest to tide over the difficulties, what about the future? Products need to be constantly upgraded, and real industrialists will not stop pursuing technology.  . The new should be newer, and the good should be better. Only in this way can technological revolution and progress be promoted. How much money will be involved?" Cai E nodded secretly while listening.  These words reveal what most enterprises in the Republic of China lack most.

    Technology reinvestment!

    The spring breeze of the European War opened up tens of thousands of factories and workshops across the country, but very few of them had technical content. Industrialists who made money often bought mature machinery and equipment to expand production in pursuit of greater profits.  Ignore the importance of technological upgrading.  On the contrary, foreign countries attach great importance to it. Even the simplest spinning machine has been modified again and again to increase efficiency, and it has not been interrupted until now.  To develop industry, we cannot rely solely on state-owned and Yang Qiu's group companies. Only when industrialists like Bayama emerge and become the backbone can we truly become an industrial country.

    But now there are very few people who realize this. Even if there are industrialists who are actively engaged in technological innovation, it is difficult to maintain due to limitations in capital, technology, heritage, etc. In the long run, their confidence in starting a business and making technology investments will inevitably be undermined.  Yang Qiu came out this time to investigate the living conditions of these small businesses and prepare for the second round of industrial reform.  He continued: "Your problem is that you are too confident! If I am right, OEM can only maintain the factory's daily expenses, right? Remember! Solving the factory's survival problem first is the most important, even if it is like manufacturing  Like Junckers, which built the first metal airplane, it specializes in manufacturing its own brand of water heaters and can earn enough profits to subsidize the consumption of technology investment."

    "What I just said may be a bit harsh, but I still hope you will work hard and keep up with technology. This is the key to future development, and you must actively earn money."?You need two legs to walk steadily.  "After Yang Qiu finished speaking, he stood up, patted the plane, and said with a smile: "Don't be so sullen. I happened to think of two ways that may be able to help you.  "

    His words were like the sound of drums at dusk and morning sounds, waking the two of them up.  Technological revolution does not happen overnight. It requires massive investment and years of experimentation. Therefore, it is indeed necessary to solve the problem of survival first, otherwise it will probably not be developed even if it is starved to death.  Especially Zhou Houkun, it can be said that he put all his efforts into this plane, otherwise he would have been able to go abroad and enjoy a high salary based on his ability.  I was very grateful to Yang Qiu for pointing out the shortcomings and said: "Vice President, please speak."

    Yang Qiu walked to the engine, made a closing gesture, brought out the concept of the Double Wasp 10 years in advance, and said, "Since the engine produced in Chongqing has 9 cylinders and 350 horsepower, why don't you increase the number of cylinders?"

    Just as Bayuzao was about to say that adding a cylinder would make it twice as difficult to process, Yang Qiu had already continued: "Have you ever thought about it? If two engines could be overlapped back to back to form a double-layer 18-cylinder, wouldn't the horsepower be as high as  A lot more? There are also propellers. I heard some foreign friends say that they are developing three-blade and four-blade propellers, and some results have been achieved. The efficiency is much higher than that of two-blade propellers. You might as well give it a try."

    Two engines overlapped back to back?  !

    Zhou Houkun¡¯s eyes lit up. He had never thought of adding more cylinders, but each additional cylinder made it twice as difficult to manufacture.  If the number of cylinders is increased to 11, the manufacturing difficulty will be 5 times higher!  With the existing processing level, it would be impossible to improve the quality so much all at once.  However, it is technically possible to overlap two engines back to back, and the existing technology in Chongqing that has initially matured can be used.  Even if the dead weight is removed and mutual interference offsets part of the power loss, it can still reach at least 600 horsepower. After a few years of processing and material technology improvement, wouldn't the future be better?

    As for increasing the number of propeller blades, it opened another window for the two of them. They had long heard that someone abroad was developing a three-blade propeller, but because there was no data on whether the efficiency would increase, they chose a traditional two-blade propeller to be on the safe side.  After Yang Qiu was reminded like this, he had the idea of ????taking action immediately.

    Seeing that the two finally figured it out, Yang Qiu also laughed.  He turned around and asked: "Songpa. Has the contract for the purchase of National Guard patrol aircraft been finalized?"

    "Not yet, the bidding meeting will be held in half a year."

    Yang Qiu winked at the two of them and deliberately reminded: "Songpo, please take care of me when you get back. The patrol aircraft does not need to be too advanced technically, and it is not good to use machine guns for the time being. The main thing is that the range and observation window must have a wide field of vision, and the two  It would be best if there were two more observer positions on the belly of the aircraft."

    Bayuzao and Zhou Houkun are both smart people. Such an obvious reminder is to tell them to win these patrol aircraft contracts first to support the factory.  The existing twin-engine transport aircraft technology has matured. It is not difficult for the two of them to modify it and build a special patrol aircraft according to this requirement, so they quickly thanked: "Thank you, Vice President."

    Yang Qiu pointed at the aircraft and smiled: "Don't thank me yet. It's not that simple to overlap back to back. Just optimizing the shape and calculating the curve of the multi-blade propeller will be enough for you for four or five years, so when it really takes to the sky in the future, you must  Remember to notify me." When he said this, he was actually prepared in his heart. If it couldn't be developed in the end, he would take out the drawings and directly copy them. After all, these two technologies were too critical.

    The two of them also knew that he was not exaggerating, and nodded their thanks repeatedly. In fact, it did take five years for the Double Wasp engine to mature, and the four-blade symmetrical propeller did not complete design optimization until 1928.

    They laughed and chatted for a few more words. Yang Qiu also asked the Ministry of Industry to support them with a batch of new equipment before pulling Miao Luo back.  Tan Yankai stood side by side and laughed: "The Vice President has more options. If the order for hundreds of aircraft is won, their aircraft may be able to fly into the sky."

    "Yes." Cai E also said: "Building industry cannot rely on the state alone. The industrial development in Europe and the United States mainly relies on private small businesses. We have not paid enough attention to this aspect. I think we should legislate and adopt a reward system for them. The government  Orders for the government and the military should also be appropriately tilted. Only when a hundred flowers bloom can the prosperous times be achieved. The growth of state-owned enterprises alone will not be a blessing to the country in the long run."

    Yang Qiu agreed with him.  Like the military, industrial construction has also reached a time of comprehensive transformation. We must take advantage of this period of peace to increase efforts to encourage private and joint ventures, improve the industrial and commercial system, and promote patent protection and technological progress. This is also the beginning of Chongqing's economic development.  an important topic of the meeting.

    The three of them were walking and chatting, and in this chat the second round of industrial and commercial stimulus plan gradually surfaced.

    After Yang Qiu inspected Hunan¡¯s industrial construction, he revealed the concept of the Double Wasp engine in advance, and finally took Miao Luo to Chongqing.?When participating in the first national economic conference after the Five-Year Plan.  Wang Geng, the newly appointed commander-in-chief of the National Guard's Outer Xing'anling Defense Area and director of Hailanpao Civil Affairs, also officially entered Hailanpao from Harbin with two national guard brigades.

    The news that two brigades with nearly 8,000 people marched into Hailanpao in a mighty manner could not be hidden from those who were interested. Although they were lightly armed guards, after the "Shanghai Communique", Europe and the United States recognized that this place belonged to Chinese territory, and Yang Qiu encouraged Nanjing to move alone.  The Japanese side canceled all unequal treaties, and Japan's failure again intensified China's tendency to dominate the Northeast. Therefore, Shumiatsky already felt that life for his First Division in the Far East would become increasingly difficult.

    There is a small town living on gold mining in the middle reaches of the Lena River where the ice and snow have melted.  This is Yakutsk, the base of the Poor Party in the Far East.  This original immigrant town is now crowded with soldiers and Poor Party supporters from all over the Far East. With the influx of a large number of Han immigrants into the Northeast and the former Russian regions of the Xing'an Mountains, most of the qualified Russians have immigrated away, leaving the rest  They are all worried about what the future will bring, which brings a good opportunity for the guerrillas to grow.

    Ren Fuchen carried a gun and walked to the recruitment office with dozens of compatriots who came to seek refuge.  Most of these people who escaped from the country were the bearded soldiers who were almost killed by Yue Peng and Zhang Zuolin. They were so lazy that they were too lazy to implement even if they had good policies.  There are also the incited Mongolian young people. They came here because Jebtsundamba was murdered for no apparent reason. Many people believe that it was the hands and feet of the National Defense Forces, especially since the Congress recently redivided Mongolia and divided the grassland into three.  The affairs of this province have even aroused dissatisfaction among radical Mongolian young people.

    But as soon as he reached the door, several Russian soldiers on guard stopped him with their guns raised: "Stop!"

    Ren Fuchen¡¯s face changed slightly. After the Shanghai communiqu¨¦, the Russian and Mongolian soldiers in the guerrillas did not trust them, and they often clashed. If Shumiatsky was not fair and treated everyone equally, there would have been no internal fire.  He said in Russian: "I am Ren Fuchen, and I am here to take them to register."

    "Sign up to be a spy?"

    "Ha ha"

    The leader of the team waved his hand and said impatiently: "The political commissar has an order. No one is allowed to approach during the meeting, especially you!"

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