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Text Chapter 544: A head-on blow

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    After eight years of suffering, China has finally found peace. Except for the northeast and northwest, the whole country has begun to long for the better era.  But the world's capital giants have obviously been attracted by the rapid development of Chinese capital. The crazy purchases of trains, machine tools and complete sets of equipment at the Paris Peace Conference, the barbaric robbery in Russia, and the finance minister's purchase of France worth 2  They were deeply stimulated by the behavior of seizing equipment worth US$100 million and placing orders with British and American companies, which was equivalent to moving back dozens of large factories.

    This is a white man¡¯s world, and even Yang Qiu had no choice but to express to the world in the spirit of contract in the U.S. Congress that he would abide by the rules of the game established by white men.  To put it bluntly, when you can't resist it's better to just go along with it or just sit back and enjoy it.  Even with a population of 460 million, the world's third economy, Asia's strongest army, and the world's fifth largest manufacturing industry, China and the yellow race are far from being able to challenge this rule.

    The capital tycoons are waiting for good opportunities. When the Chinese people think that a good era has begun, they draw blueprints on pieces of white paper with arms folded, and with the confidence of defeating Japan twice, fighting a bloody battle on the Western Front, and defeating Russia, they move towards glory and begin to carry out the project.  During the currency reform and trying to establish a Chinese economic circle with the yuan as the settlement unit, they took action!

    Any financial reform has risks, especially in the early stages of reform. The brief moment when the old and new rules conflict with each other often reveals huge flaws.  In the era of President Cleveland of the United States, Morgan and others seized the opportunity to seize the right to issue U.S. dollars due to economic reforms, embarrassing the U.S. government as a rubber stamp.  After gritting his teeth, Old Roosevelt picked up a machete and attacked each trust.  But the flaws in credit were exposed, so hundreds of credit companies were born in the United States within a year, and the capital predators used their bodies to do whatever they wanted.

    This kind of crazy financial plunder reached its peak during the European War. The power of capital can be seen in various bonds, gold, silver and loans making waves.  This hand cannot be seen or touched but it actually affects every corner of the world.  But to everyone's expectation, the capital giants have recently encountered a trouble, that is, the sudden outbreak of the national credit crisis!

    ?Some even shouted.  The era of deadbeats has begun.

    First, Lenin announced his refusal to recognize the total debt of 25 billion francs owed by Tsarist Russia during the Tsarist period. In one fell swoop, France, which was a shining economy in the pre-war period, was destroyed by chrysanthemums. The steel output of the European industrial powers is still inferior to that of China.  The French Roosters, who have long regarded themselves as the boss of Europe, naturally do not want to sit still and wait for death.  While shouting "We will support whoever promises to pay back the money", they actively promoted the Russian civil war, and then encouraged Britain, Italy and other countries to join hands in defaulting on the debt!  So the European War loans amounting to tens of billions of dollars were torn apart by various triangular debts and may even be unrecoverable. Even the $2.5 billion loaned to China by Britain and France has changed hands several times.  It even got so bad that when the Ministry of Finance was preparing to repay the first payment last year, it was told by the Bank of England to remit it to a bank in the Virgin Islands

    Ten billion dollars!  Even a country like the United States will immediately fall off the world economic throne if it loses so much money at once.  Therefore, they actively advocated the new threat theory, first demonizing Lenin and Russia, and then actively supporting Germany under the guise of attacking the poor party and encouraging Britain and France to waive reparation debts.  Then he encouraged the U.S. government to lay the keels of 13 super warships in one fell swoop on the pretext that the U.S. needed to ensure the security of its capital and the security of its two oceans.

    Since the end of the European War, in fact, the whole of Europe is in a strong atmosphere of another war.  As the world's leader, the British Empire had to gather everyone together to discuss reducing its navy and armaments to ease the atmosphere.  The capital tycoons secretly breathed a sigh of relief. When they rubbed their eyes and thought about how to recover their losses as soon as possible, they suddenly discovered that a country that they had not paid much attention to actually came to Europe and spread money like crazy all kinds of jealousy, jealousy, greed.  Got excited.

    The Chinese elite generation headed by Yang Qiu is not ignorant of the world situation, but also knows the horror of capital.  However, due to their strength, experience, etc., they were unable to participate in this competition, so they turned back and focused on the internal construction of the country. They dreamed of spending 10 years to make China reach a higher level and truly become a major country competing for world capital.

    With this background and mentality, in the last few days of the Chongqing Economic Conference, the Economic Development and Social Reform Committee led by Cai Gongshi came up with the second five-year industrial and agricultural development plan.  This was drafted by the National Development and Reform Commission.  In the plan that was reviewed by various departments and finally approved by Yang Qiu and others, the top leaders of the Republic of China decided not to fully learn from the free economy of Europe and the United States for the time being, but to continue to adopt the current semi-free and semi-state-owned national socialization model to implement a new round of industrial and agricultural development plans.

    The plan first calls for strengthening a total of 10 major projects in education, aviation, steel, metal processing, electronics, engines, electricity, basic materials research, chemical industry, agriculture, forestry and water conservancy.  It is proposed that by 1925, the total output value of the country's industry and agriculture will reach 70 billion US dollars, self-produced steel will reach 5 million tons per year, power generation will reach 4 billion kilowatt hours per year, 300 million tons of coal, 100 million tons of cement, 3 million tons of oil, and 10 million tons of chemical fertilizers.  tons, railway 6???kmetc. specific goals.  To ensure the realization of these goals, the state and local governments will invest at least 3 billion (including local finance) every year in infrastructure investment such as railways and roads, and the construction of Beihai (Irkutsk), Yumen Pass, and Heilongjiang (Sakhalin oil processing)  , Sanduao (outsourced petroleum processing) and four large petrochemical bases.  Build 12 thermal power plants and 49 provincial-level small and medium-sized hydropower stations (the hydropower generators of large hydropower stations were insufficient at the time, and it would be costly to build and upgrade them too early), ensuring that there are power plants in the country except Qinghai and **, and supporting 1,000 companies with technology  Development capabilities of private enterprises, financial support for the development of light industry.  In agriculture, it is necessary to increase the proportion of tractors and other mechanical equipment for farming, build seed research institutions, speed up water conservancy construction, implement more stringent forestry pasture protection and farmland protection policies, adopt fallow plans in areas with conditions, and introduce Australian sheep and dairy cows.  and other new types of animal husbandry, develop the food processing industry, and develop valuable wasteland as state or private farms to supplement the growing food gap.

    The equipment manufacturing industry has gradually shifted from focusing on state-owned enterprises to supporting the private sector, using the results of the Rhineland Plan to achieve a self-production rate of 60% of complete sets of machinery and equipment.  Each factory must establish its own R&D institution and ensure that no less than 15% of profits are invested in new product development every year, establish a national science and technology bonus system, and expand and promote manufacturing processes such as welding, precision casting, and abrasive stamping.  The number and output of dozens of traditional basic machine tools such as drilling, grinding, planing, milling, and boring in the country must be increased by three times, and the overall scale must be doubled.  It began to imitate and develop extra-large core equipment that the country urgently needed, imitated German technician training methods to strengthen worker training, and strived to increase the total industrial output value from the current 5% of the world's share to 8%.

    Education is also the most important thing in the five-year plan.  Yang Qiu first proposed the idea of ??building a national academy of sciences. The government should fund at least 20,000 students to study in European and American countries every year, and the construction of higher education institutions should continue to be strengthened.  Foreign professors and experts will be introduced to teach in China, and the number of urgently needed normal schools and physics and chemistry teachers will be increased. Compulsory education must continue to be popularized in rural areas and strive to cover four-fifths of the population by 25 years.

    In terms of socialization, Yang Qiugeng raised for the first time the acute problem of the contradiction between population, land and total grain output. For the first time, he demanded that ways be found to limit the population growth rate, immediately strengthen the protection of women's interests, increase the proportion of women working, enhance social status, and limit the age of women's marriage.  At 19 and so on.  It also requires finance, civil affairs and other departments to start establishing a socialized welfare system and establish a social security system based on European and American experience.  To ensure that workers have something to support them after a lifetime of hard work, local governments must provide annual subsidies to people over 60 across the country.

    In the small conference room, the ministers who had worked hard for a day had not yet come out of the prospect of 1925 when they were blocked at the door by Zhan Tianyou who came in with a roll of maps.  "Hahaeveryone is here." He, the railway minister, travels all over the country and rarely shows up a few times a year.  Although Yang Qiu sent someone to take care of her life, she also strictly limited her working hours and had her body checked regularly.  But still much thinner.  However, his spirits were getting better and better. He interrupted everyone's rest by talking to himself, spread out a new map and said: "Just in time. The president, vice president, and prime minister are all here. Let's take a look at this together."

    "Huancheng must be here to swindle money again. Back then, he boasted to the Vice President that he would build railways in every county. Hey, this is" Tang Shaoyi smiled and walked to the map, got closer and  Only then did he realize that it was actually a map of New China that had not been reviewed by the state. He burst out laughing: "I said, Juan Cheng, you won't just let us see this, will you? In a few months, these things will be all over the streets.  ¡±

    "How could that be?" Zhan Tianyou waved his hand and slowly circled his fingers along the country's border.  Under the guidance of this action, the sharp-eyed Yang Qiu was the first to see a thin black line circling all over China, and suddenly asked in surprise: "Mr. Juancheng, this is"

    "My dream is the China Railway!"

    ¡°Around the whole country?¡±

    "Hissit's 30,000 kilometers, right?"

    "30,000 kilometers? The cost of a single line is also 3.5 billion."

    "How can there be so many." The exclamations made Zhan Tianyou wave his hands repeatedly, and introduced with bright eyes: "The Siberian Railway from Vladivostok to Irkutsk is being renovated and double-tracked. It only needs to add some branches.  That¡¯s it. The Northwest Circular Railway from Irkutsk to Tajikistan has also been constructed, and the single line will be completed in another two years. ** Qinghai is not suitable for railway construction, so it is necessary to return to Gansu from Kashgar and go south to Chengdu, Sichuan, and then enter from Chengdu  Xikang goes straight to Kunming in Yunnan. Kunming to Guangxi has also been repaired. Now it mainly covers the southern and eastern sections from Wushengguan in Guangxi along the coastline to Vladivostok, and the southwest section from Kashgar south to Kunming. I have calculated that it is about 3  Ten thousand kilometers, including the inflation factor during the construction period, the cost of a single line is about 2.5 billion, and an additional 2 billion for double lines."

    4.5 billion?  !

    Zhang Wenjing has one head and two big heads, and the second one isThe five-year plan is still in my ears, and the Ministry of Finance is still worried about where to invest so much money.  You must know that all the bonuses from the European war have been used up. He is waiting for the currency reform to release about 2 billion in cash, then use gold and silver to issue bonds, and finally collect the money from Nanyang.  Otherwise, it would be impossible to complete the second national construction plan of unprecedented scale with current fiscal revenue alone, even if local finances are taken into account.

    So he shook his head like a rattle and refused to agree: "No, no, the plan is too big! No money."

    The Ring of China Railway is a great project that is modeled on the idea of ??a Ring of America railway. It is also the biggest dream of Zhan Tianyou and all railway people.  How could he be willing to be rejected at the beginning? He went up and said excitedly: "The scale is large but the cycle is long, and the average annual investment is not much. According to the 10-year construction period, 40,000 per kilometer, and 2,000 kilometers of construction per year, if only a single line is built, the average  It¡¯s less than 100 million per year. Moreover, the rich provinces of Jiangsu and Zhejiang can imitate the southwest and use local governments and private funds to build multiple lines in batches. Poor provinces such as Fujian and Guangxi can build single lines first. In this way, the total number will be at most 200 million per year.¡±

    He was afraid that Zhang Wenjing would continue to shake his head, so he walked up to Yang Qiu and kept selling: "Vice President, don't you always say that you want to develop the coast and let the economy of wealthy coastal areas flow first! How to rely on the flow? Our coast is not like the United States, which is all flat land.  Especially the south is mountainous, so we still need to rely on trains. I have calculated that if it is built 40 kilometers away from the coast, it can connect hundreds of counties and benefit 200 million people! If we imitate the southwest railway network, it can drive the output value of industry and agriculture in the country.  An increase of 20 billion!

    If we can open up private railway construction, hand over the railways in coastal provinces to private construction, and then connect them to this main line, the economic boost will be several times greater!

    "20 billion? Opening up the province's branch lines to private ownership?" Yang Qiu's eyes lit up. He was really attracted by this plan.  He has given up hope on the Chengdu-Kunming Line, but there is real hope of building the others.  What's more, because it is close to the coastline, it can indeed link all the three coastal lines of the south, northeast and south, but it is not very ideal from a military perspective.  But if it can really drive an output value of 20 billion, this military disadvantage will not be a concern.  The most important thing is that it is cost-effective to build railways now. Steel prices are low and labor is cheap, so the domestic demand for railways is extremely strong. When the southwest railway network was first built, many local counties and cities heard that they were going to have trains here and took the initiative to send laborers to help.

    A circle, supported by four vertical and four horizontal fields in the middle, supporting inter-provincial trunk lines, and connected with a large number of private branch lines within the province, isn't it the most perfect large-scale railway network structure?

    But before he could express his position, Kuang Xukun suddenly opened the door and rushed into the conference room. Regardless of the surprised looks around him, he panted and shouted: "President, Vice President! No Okay, something big happened.  A call came from Shanghai, saying that foreigners have manipulated the price of silver and have pushed the price to 17 grams per RMB, and it is still rising!".

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