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Volume One, Chapter 539: Forbidden Eunuchs to Leave Misfortune

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    However, I am not one of those ancient feudal and superstitious emperors. I really have no way to use eunuchs, a special working group.  I don¡¯t really know the origin of eunuchs, but I am very aware of the impact of the eunuch group.  China¡¯s eunuchs have existed since the Yin Dynasty.  There is the word "" (can't type it out) on the oracle bone inscriptions, which means cutting off the penis.  "Qiang" is an ethnic minority in the west of the Yin Dynasty.  This oracle bone inscription tells the story of King Wu Ding of the Yin Dynasty who castrated the captured Qiang people and turned them into eunuchs to offer sacrifices to the gods.  This oracle bone inscription may be the earliest record of eunuchs in the world so far.  In ancient China, castration and castration were closely related.  Later generations generally believed that castration had appeared at least before Xia Yu, and its original function was to punish improper sexual relations between men and women, that is, "if a woman is promiscuous, she will be kept in the palace and cannot come out; if a husband is promiscuous, he will be cut off from his power." "Fu  "Book of Life" says: "If a man and a woman do not have righteous relations, they will be punished by the official." It can be inferred that castration is a thing after the emergence of monogamy. Otherwise, there would be no improper sexual relations between men and women.  Punished.  However, later, under the brutal persecution of slave owners and the feudal ruling class, the scope of castration expanded and it became a cruel method to inflict arbitrary punishment and oppress the people.  It is difficult to find out when this expansion began, but as late as King Mu of Zhou Dynasty, "five hundred palace crimes" had been stipulated.  In "The Rites of Zhou", eunuchs are called eunuchs, temples, and verticals.  In the Zhou Dynasty, men who had been castrated were called "eunuchs".  "Temple" is composed of the two characters "Shi" and "Cun". "Tu" is the pictographic character for male genitals. The "Shiren" referred to in history books refers to men; and "Cun" is like a hand holding a knife.  The combination of "Shi" and "Cun" means cutting off the penis with a knife.  The eunuch system originated in the pre-Qin period. There are records about eunuchs in the Book of Songs, Rites of Zhou, and Book of Rites.  Most of the Zhou Dynasty and various vassal states had eunuchs.  Pei, the eunuch of the State of Qin, was favored by the Empress Dowager, became powerful, and was granted the title of Marquis of Changxin.  Eunuchs are usually people of low status.  Their origins may be from criminals who were sentenced to castration, or they may be selected from young children of the common people.  After the Qin and Han Dynasties, the eunuch system became more detailed. As a special political force, eunuchs had a significant impact on the political situation of many dynasties.  During the Qin and Han Dynasties, after Qin Shihuang unified the six kingdoms, the eunuchs were under the jurisdiction of the Shaofu.  In the early years of the Western Han Dynasty, Liu Bang, the emperor of the Han Dynasty, in view of the lessons learned from the fall of Qin, appointed scribes as regular servants to suppress the power of eunuchs.  After Emperor Yuan, the power of eunuchs revived.  During the Eastern Han Dynasty, eunuchs served as the chief servants to the emperor.  They conveyed edicts, handled documents, and influenced the emperor's vision and hearing.  At that time, the foreign relatives were powerful, and the emperor often used eunuchs to contain the foreign relatives, which often resulted in the dictatorship of the eunuch group.  By the end of the Han Dynasty, the name of the Ten Changshi was shocking throughout the ages. In the Tang Dynasty during the Tang and Song Dynasties, eunuchs were managed by the Ministry of Internal Affairs, the Bureau of Yeting, the Bureau of Palace Wei, the Bureau of Xiguan, the Bureau of Internal Servants, and the Bureau of Internal Affairs.  In charge of the palace's books, guards, funerals, warehouse supplies and other matters.  Each bureau official is called Ling or Cheng.  During the reign of Emperor Taizong of the Tang Dynasty, restrictions on eunuchs were stricter. The highest official rank for eunuchs in the Ministry of Internal Affairs was the third rank, and the amount was also limited.  After Taizong's death, the system gradually relaxed.  During the reign of Zhongzong, the total number of eunuchs increased to 3,000, and those who were awarded the seventh rank or above were as many as a thousand.  There are many people who have been awarded the rank of third-grade left (right) gate general.  After the Anshi Rebellion, the power of eunuchs expanded, and some were even granted the title of king and ranked among the three princes.  Some eunuchs also had military power.  During Suzong's reign, military envoys were set up, which were reserved for those in power among the eunuchs. They were the highest military post to monitor generals going out on expeditions.  Starting from the Dezong Dynasty, eunuchs took control of the military power of the Shence Army, Tianwei Army and other forbidden troops.  Important positions in the army such as Lieutenant of the Guards and Central Guards were all held by eunuchs.  Because the military and political power was controlled by the eunuch group, not only the civil and military officials were subordinated to them, but even the emperor's abolition and establishment were decided by them.  Seven of the nine emperors who ascended the throne from Xianzong to Zhaozong were supported by eunuchs, and two were killed by them.  The dictatorship of eunuchs became a chronic disease in the society of the middle and late Tang Dynasty.  In the Song Dynasty, there was also a Ministry of Internal Affairs, which was headed by eunuchs.  However, the phenomenon of eunuchs taking over politics in the Song Dynasty was not as serious as the exclusive power of relatives.  During the Ming and Qing Dynasties, Ming Taizu Zhu Yuanzhang had stricter management of eunuchs. He stipulated that eunuchs should not be literate, lowered their official ranks, prohibited them from holding civil and military titles as foreign ministers, and hung iron plates on the palace gates to express warnings that they were not allowed to participate in politics.  From the Yongle Dynasty onwards, eunuchs gradually became more important.  The emperor's trusted eunuchs were often sent on overseas tours to serve as military supervisors.  In the 18th year of Yongle's reign, the East Factory was set up and was run by eunuchs who engaged in espionage activities and reported everything directly to the emperor.  During the reign of Emperor Xuanzong, the ancestral system of eunuchs not being able to read was changed and an inner study hall was set up in the palace.  He ordered the academic officer to teach the young eunuch how to read.  In the 13th year of Chenghua's reign, another West Factory was established outside the East Factory, and eunuchs were appointed as admirals to strengthen the rule of secret agents.  In addition, the eunuch office system expanded, and there were twelve eunuchs in the palace, including the ceremonial officer, the internal officer, the imperial officer, the chief minister, and the imperial eunuch.  The four divisions including Xixin, Bell and Drum, Baochao, and Huntang and the eight bureaus including Bingzhan and Banking are collectively called the Twenty-Four Yamen, each with a full-time eunuch in charge of printing.  The number of eunuchs increased sharply, reaching tens of thousands by the end of the Ming Dynasty.  During the reign of Emperor Yingzong, Wang Zhen, the eunuch in power, recruited some bureaucrats as party members to form the eunuch party, which was the forerunner of the eunuch dictatorship in the enlightened era.  Since then, eunuch disasters have occurred repeatedly.  Wang Zhi during the Chenghua period, Liu Jin during the Wuzong period, and Xizong periodWei Zhongxian and others were all powerful eunuchs with great power and influence.  They were tyrannical and domineering, excluded dissidents, took advantage of others, and repeatedly raised jails. They also fought with the civil service group to suppress each other, which intensified the internal political strife of the Ming Dynasty. In the end, they destroyed the last dynasty established by the Han people and brought great harm to countless Chinese people.  brought hundreds of years of suffering.  So when these civil servants and generals wanted me to become emperor, I had arduous and difficult negotiations with them.  In particular, I strongly object to the issue of eunuchs who are good at eunuchs. Furthermore, I have not retained any of the eunuchs left behind by the Sui Dynasty. I have left some people to guard the palace and be responsible for daily cleaning and maintenance.  In addition to repairs, all the redundant eunuchs were sent to the people. Of course, in order to ensure their survival and livelihood, factories were centrally established for them to work in exchange for corresponding rewards.  The elderly were directly sent to the Huaxia Renxin Nursing Home and were cared for by dedicated personnel. At least they should be allowed to live in their old age. After all, I have taken away their original life. At least they should not be allowed to lose their chance of survival.  A group of civil servants argued with each other.  There are seventy-two concubines in the three palaces and six courtyards. There are so many women. If there are no eunuchs to help, it will be a big trouble. The important thing is that it can't be all done by the palace maids, right?  Although the guards can enter the palace, they are all men. If something happens, it will become a scandal.  But in the end, we were fooled.  In other words, I was intimidated by my mother-in-law's strength. Just when I was arguing with the ministers, my mother-in-law said something that was neither negative nor positive.  Don't worry, your lord has two wives now, and there will be two in the future, so he can live a good life without a eunuch.  The wallflower Li Xuanba was the first to jump out and cheer for his sister. After that, many generals who had been hit hard by Yaoguang sister jumped out to express their agreement with Yaoguang sister, the future queen.  the meaning of.  In the end, the civil servants had to succumb to the pressure from three parties, my pressure, my mother-in-law's pressure, or the pressure from the military commanders, and agreed to prohibit castration and other such things as cutting off the heart, cutting off the nose, cutting off the hands and feet, which harm the human body and cause disability.  Due to the strict criminal law, the princes, nobles and royal family of the Chinese Empire strictly prohibited the use of eunuchs. Those who violated the law would be punished with criminal offenses, and the victims would be required to pay heavy compensation.  No matter whether the victim voluntarily cut off his penis, as long as you use it, you are committing a crime. Otherwise, there will always be someone pretending to be innocent.  In addition, twenty young ones have been selected from the original palace maids who are willing to continue this kind of work.  Of course, it is a salary, and if you are still willing to be married, you can continue to be married.  ¡°I really don¡¯t care whether there are married women in the palace or not.  Anyway, we are not lustful ghosts who want to take off our pants when we see a girl, or go crazy when we see a married woman.  Besides, which of our two wives is not the most charming of the country? If we really want to get a lot of women, we will really have to watch the real-life version of palace scheming every day. I will have to shorten my life by thirty years.  With the end of the roll call, I announced the start of the meeting. Well, at this time, I naturally did not sit in the emperor's seat at the back. Instead, I was placed in front, and a seat was given to me alone. Anyway, I would be there soon.  It will be demolished, and I will squat in the emperor's position when the time comes.  Wei Zheng, who had been prepared for a long time, was the first to go out. Then, more than a hundred civil and military officials came out and bowed to the ground. After Wei Zheng saluted, he stood up, spread out the memorial in his hand, and read it loudly on the spot.  I am sitting there with my arms folded, listening attentively and solemnly to Wei Zheng's eloquent and rich classical Chinese essays. The meaning is almost the same as the first and second exhortations. Anyway, it is to tell the stories of ancient sages. In ancient times,  When the dynasty changes, the founding emperors who eventually replaced them were so awesome, which means that this young master is also equally awesome and powerful, and he will definitely become an outstanding person far surpassing the sages.  "I hope that my son can comply with the destiny, comply with the wishes of the officials, the people, and the hundreds of thousands of soldiers, and become the emperor of the Chinese Empire, create a better future for the Chinese nation, and lead the Chinese nation to a more glorious moment.  When the persuasion of the watch was chanted with a grand and thick voice of Wei Zheng, the ministers worshiped again and urged the son to ascend the throne as emperor.  And I, under Fang Xuanling's eyes, spread out the piece of paper very covertly and started talking nonsense.  Naturally, it is said that this son is only sparse, and people's disadvantages, too light age.  However, every shortcoming will be refuted by a minister who is as excited as a cockfight. For example, when I said that I was not talented and knowledgeable, Fang Xuanling was the first to jump out and seriously thought that I was too modest. Thinking about how I was  With a name of less than sixteen years old, he could write calligraphy that impressed the great calligraphers of the time, Yu Shiji and Ouyang Xun, and create poems that were sung by countless people. How could he have so little talent and so little knowledge?
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