Add Bookmark | Recommend this book | Back to the book page | My bookshelf | Mobile Reading

Free Web Novel,Novel online - All in oicq.net -> Fantasy -> The Four Steps of the Unbridled Sky

Volume 3: A blow of destiny, the king appears Chapter 37: Nationwide promotion

Previous page        Return to Catalog        Next page

    If the kings were re-divided, it would only repeat the painful situation of countries attacking each other during the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period. Therefore, it was decided to divide the world into thirty-six counties. Until the fall of Qin, a total of fifty-four counties were established, with each county having a governor.  (in charge of civil affairs), county lieutenants (in charge of military affairs), and county supervisors (in charge of supervision) are appointed by the central court and are not hereditary. They must report to the court on taxes, household registration, and public security.

    Qin Shihuang decided to adopt a three-level administrative division system in local governance and build a vertical pyramid control system of central-prefecture-county-township-ting-li-shi-wu-hu to strengthen local control, mainly in counties.  There are counties under the county, and county magistrates under the county. However, the national administrative agencies in the Qin Dynasty only went down to the county level.

    The township system (also known as the township system) is implemented under the county level, and townships are established. The specific method is to set up three elders at the township level to listen to lawsuits and collect taxes, and to patrol and detect thieves.

    In addition, below the township level, private power is used to govern. One township governs ten pavilions and has a pavilion chief; one pavilion governs ten miles and has a likui (also known as Li Zheng); one li governs a hundred families, five families are grouped together, and ten families are  Varied.  This system brought great mobilization capabilities to the Qin Dynasty. Even when Cyrus the Great of Persia founded the empire more than 300 years ago, the Achaemenid Dynasty only had provinces (Satrapi) and counties as administrative  Zoning agencies.

    In addition, the Huaiyi and Siyi people who have always been entrenched in the Huaihe River Basin have long been converted into civilian households. After Qin Shihuang unified the world, he established Minzhong County in today's Fujian Province.

    Because Qin Shihuang believed that Minzhong County was far away from the Central Plains and was a deserted country with high mountains and dangerous roads, and the Yue people were strong and difficult to rule, he actually did not send officials to Minzhong.  They just abolished the throne of the local chief Wu Zhu and Zou Yao and replaced him with the title of Lord Commander, allowing him to continue to rule the place.

    The implementation of the system of prefectures and counties across the country signifies that the six kingdoms will no longer have princes who support military separatism, choose their own officials, and have independent finances.  In addition, the place of origin of the people is no longer identified by the vassal state to which they previously belonged, such as Chu people, Qi people, etc., but by the name of the county where they are located.

    However, after the Qin Dynasty destroyed the Han Dynasty and revitalized the Han Dynasty, Liu Bang, the founder of the Han Dynasty, believed that the Qin royal family implemented the system of prefectures and counties.  Due to the lack of clan vassals, he was too isolated and died, so he implemented the system of prefectures and made the descendants of the Liu clan kings, but this led to the chaos of the Seven Kingdoms of Wu and Chu in the future.  Therefore, rulers of all dynasties tried to move from the county system to the feudal system.  Achieve a certain balance to maintain the country.

    In order to prevent the remnants of the Six Kingdoms from causing rebellion, Qin Shihuang ordered that weapons from all over the world be collected and melted in Xianyang. They were cast into a large bell and twelve bronze figures, each weighing 240,000 kilograms, and placed in the palace.

    215 BC (the 32nd year of Qin Shihuang).  Qin Shihuang went on his second tour, passing through Jieshi, and announced the demolition of the city walls and embankments built by the six original Kanto kingdoms, which were called falling city walls, breaking embankments, and eroding dangerous obstacles.  A stone monument was carved and erected at the Jieshi Mountain Gate. The content of the monument is as follows:

    "Then he set up troops and troops to kill the unruly and put an end to the rebels. He killed the violent rebels with force. He was innocent and the common people were convinced. He talked about his merits. He rewarded cattle and horses and fertilized the land.

    The emperor is vigorous and powerful, and his virtue is the same as that of the princes. The first day of the new year is peaceful.  The city walls were destroyed, the river defenses were cleared, and the dangers were eliminated.  The terrain is established, the common people in the country are without Yao, and the world is salty.

    Men enjoy their duties, women cultivate their careers, and everything is in order.  Benefit by all the properties, they come to the fields together for a long time, no one is uneasy.  The ministers chanted the motto, please carve this stone and hang it with ceremony.

    Translation: The emperor raises troops to kill the unruly king and quell the rebellion.  The thugs were eliminated by force, good people were rehabilitated in accordance with the law, and the people's hearts were completely surrendered.  He rewarded all ministers based on their merits and gave benefits to cattle and horses. The emperor's favor spread all over the country.

    The emperor inspired his divine power and annexed the princes with virtue, so that the world would be unified and peaceful.  The old city of Guandong was demolished, river embankments were dug, and all dangerous obstacles were leveled.  Now that the land has been leveled and all the people have stopped doing corv¨¦es, the whole world will be at ease.

    Men are happy to farm, women are cultivating women, and everything is in order.  The emperor's favor covers all industries, and they work together to cultivate the fields diligently, and everyone is happy to work and live in peace.  The ministers pay tribute to the great deeds, and please engrave this stone to leave a model and rule forever.  "©¤"Historical Records of Qin Shihuang"

    As for the demolition of the embankments built by the six former Kanto countries, the reason is to eliminate local separatism. This is due to the unreasonable design of the embankments in each country.  According to the "Mencius Gaozi Chapter", Bai Gui, a famous water conservancy expert and businessman in Wei, once pointed out to Mencius that his ability to control floods was better than that of Yu the Great. However, Mencius disagreed and accused Bai Gui of just treating neighboring countries as water storage.  The ravines will lead the floods to other countries, making the people disgusted.

    In addition, according to the records of "Hanshu Gouxu Zhi", the Yellow River was the boundary between Qi and Zhao and Wei at that time. Zhao and Wei were located in the upper reaches of the Yellow River, with higher terrain, while Qi's terrain was low. When the Yellow River flooded, Qi's  The disaster suffered was more serious, so Qi State first built an embankment 25 miles away from the Yellow River along the Yellow River to prevent the Yellow River from flooding.

    Since Qi State built a dike along the Yellow River, the flooded water of the Yellow River rushed towards Zhao and Wei, so Zhao and Wei also built a dike along the Yellow River twenty-five miles away from the river.  It can be seen from the above records thatThe princes of the country all used water conservancy facilities as a means to weaken enemy countries, so Qin Shihuang emphasized the adoption of decisive measures to defend Sichuan.

    Measures such as falling into the city walls, breaching embankments, and barricades not only prevent the survivors of the six countries from causing chaos when taking advantage of dangers, but also facilitate transportation and promote trade.

    After Qin Shihuang destroyed the Six Kingdoms, he ordered 120,000 wealthy families from the Six Kingdoms in Guandong to move to Xianyang, mainly rich people from Qi and Chu.  This is because the land of Qilu advocates Qilu studies, advocates gathering people to lecture, and pursues elegance, which is completely different from the Qin Dynasty's mainstream thought of Sanjin studies, which advocates seeking wealth and strength, utilitarianism, and pragmatism. The conflict of academic ideas can easily form anti-Qin public opinion. Qilu  The fact that Confucian scholars ridiculed Qin Shihuang's enthronement of Zen is clear evidence of this.

    However, compared to Qi, Qin Shihuang was more worried about the homeland of Chu. For example, during his inspection of the homeland of Chu, historical records show that he dug in Jinling, Dantu, Qu'a and other places in Jiangdong to dislike the emperor.  It also reflects the Chu people's strong desire for revenge.  Therefore, it became natural for the immigrants to mainly migrate to the land of Qi and Chu.

    On the other hand, migrating rich people also has other political purposes. In addition to prospering the capital, it can also prevent the rich from colluding with the nobles of the six countries.  In addition, wealthy people annexed land locally and extended loan sharking rates, causing local instability. Moving them to Xianyang also helped eliminate local influence.

    After Qin Shihuang unified the world, he learned that the characters of the Six Kingdoms were all different, so he decided to implement the policy of unifying the scripts. According to the advice of Li Si, who was then a court official, he abolished the original characters of the Six Kingdoms of Guandong and simplified the large seal script of Shi Zhou into a small seal script (also known as Qin seal script).  , as a universal font across the country, Li Si was ordered to write seven chapters of "Cangjie", Zhao Gao was asked to write six chapters of "Yanli", and Taishi ordered Hu Wujing to write seven chapters of "Boxue" as the national standard copybook. They were all based on the large seal script of the Zhou Xuan King period.  There are fifteen chapters in "Shi Zhen", but now everyone calls Li Si the originator of Xiaozhuan. It is said that his writings include "Taishan Carved Stones", "Langyatai Carved Stones", "Yishan Carved Stones" and "Kuiji Carved Stones", etc.  .

    During the Western Han Dynasty, the calligrapher Luli merged the three chapters into "Cangjie Chapter" with sixty-five chapters as one chapter, with a total of fifty-five chapters.  During the Western Han Dynasty, it was also called "Cangjie", "Yuanli", and "Boxue" as Sancang. However, due to various reasons, most of the characters in "Cangjie Pian" were lost.

    On the other hand, according to "Shu Duan" written by Zhang Huaiguan of the Tang Dynasty, Cheng Miao (characterized by Yuan Cen) from Xiagui (now Weinan City, Shaanxi Province) in the Qin Dynasty spent ten years in prison to create official script, which was appreciated by Qin Shihuang  , was appointed censor.

    Because Xiaozhuan is difficult to use in an environment with many memorials, the font invented by Cheng Miao is very popular. And because Cheng Miao's font was originally designed for official use, this style of calligraphy is called official script, but there is no official history about Cheng Miao.  Miao's life record.

    Weights and measures are traditionally the collective name for units of measurement of length, volume, and weight.  Measures are used to calculate length, quantity is used to measure volume, and scales are used to calculate the weight of objects.  During the Warring States Period, various countries adopted different standards of weights and measures, which made the conversion process very confusing.
Didn't finish reading? Add this book to your favoritesI'm a member and bookmarked this chapterCopy the address of this book and recommend it to your friends for pointsChapter error? Click here to report