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Chapter 45: You speak, I listen, things...

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    "Brigadier Guan said it well. The manufacturing industry, especially the equipment manufacturing industry, is the foundation for us humans to stand on all animals and the cornerstone of the existence of all other industries! After listening to Brigadier Guan's passionate speech, I am  We have strong confidence in the future development of the 291st Brigade! If we can play a role in it and use what we have learned in our lives, we will have no regrets in this life!" Teacher Tang said with emotion, and the other teachers nodded in approval.  his point of view.  Although the mobilization meeting held at the technical school was held in a crude venue and simple preparations, in official terms, it was a successful and victorious meeting.  All the students were deeply moved by his words and felt proud of the important responsibilities they would shoulder in the future.  They have gone through ups and downs, but their hearts are still pure.  When Guan Fei turned the future growth of the 291st Brigade into a mission on their shoulders, what they felt was not hesitation or indifference, but excitement and excitement.  No matter how much suffering they have experienced, the blood has never disappeared from their veins, it is just buried deeper and deeper in their hearts.  Once this enthusiasm is aroused, they will burst out with huge power beyond people's imagination!  If the students are like this, why aren¡¯t the teachers like this?  They chose machinery and related majors and studied hard to change the backward situation of the machinery manufacturing industry in New China?  Although they stayed in school to teach for various reasons, striving to cultivate as many machinery manufacturing talents as possible for the country is still the sacred mission that haunts them.  Although they were forced to put it aside midway, now, under the leadership of Guan Fei, they are about to take the crucial step of getting back on the road, starting from the transformation of C616. Their hearts have also become hot and it is difficult to control themselves!  After presiding over the founding meeting of the technical school, Guan Fei handed over the students to the masters invited from China to take care of them, and they began to learn from the familiarity of various processing equipment.  Later, he, Teacher Tang and others came to the finishing workshop where the C616 general machine tool transformation project was located.  The C616 is also placed here, and there are not many surprises in the equipment.  Finishing is only a link in manufacturing. Preliminary machining is a large-scale cutting of the blank to allow the workpiece to take initial shape and create semi-finished products for the next step. ? And finishing is to finely carve the semi-finished product so that it reaches a predetermined level of precision.  In the finishing stage, it is better to have more sophisticated manufacturing equipment, but it will not be ruined if it is not available.  Finishing requires better workers and more meticulous processing procedures. The human eye can recognize subtle differences as small as a hundred microns.  For workpiece finishing that is not too demanding, it can be completed using the same equipment used in the initial processing stage.  This is obviously what the country considers.  It¡¯s not that there are no more sophisticated machine tools, but they think that the 291st Brigade cannot use them and cannot afford them!  The current highest level of ultra-precision processing and manufacturing capabilities in the country has reached the level of 0.1 micron, but that is prepared for real precision manufacturing and aerospace-grade products. How can it be sold to Guan Fei.  "It would be great to have the C616. If we haven't given you products from the 1950s and 1960s, it would be considered good. This is the domestic thinking.  In order to ensure the machining accuracy of the lathe and reduce the impact of bed vibration on the machining accuracy, the lathe base is solidified with the ground by thick cement.  For the same model of lathe, due to the contingency of the machining process, there will also be very few parts with high precision.  Usually machine tool manufacturers will individually select such parts that exceed the design accuracy and combine them into higher-precision machine tool equipment.  Guan Fei tried out the batch of C616 lathes shipped back to the 291st Brigade one by one, and finally selected a lathe with the smallest accuracy error as the target of this transformation.  He wiped all the parts very carefully. Under the light, every metal part exuded a faint metallic luster. If you look closer, you can even see the silhouette of a person clearly.  Guan Fei led everyone to the side of the finishing workshop, where a row of tool cabinets were placed.  The tool cabinet has no doors and is like a shelf.  Due to the need to store heavy objects, each shelf is three centimeters thick.  At this time, there are packaging boxes placed on it. There are only simple numbers on the boxes and no text description.  "These are the parts we customized from China." Guan Fei took down a rectangular paper box, opened it in front of everyone, and took out the paper stuffed inside. Inside was a workpiece wrapped in oil paper.  "This is" Teacher Tang and others are very good at theory. Since they have no actual factory experience, they have very little physical contact.  They thought about it, but they thought the shape was familiar, and they didn't know what part it was.  Guan Fei motioned for them to tear off the wrapping paper.  A teacherIn a hurry, they stepped forward and tore off the oil paper wrapped outside, and a gleaming precision component appeared in front of them.  "Ah, this is a worm!" a teacher shouted from the crowd.  "Yes! Not only are there worms, but also turbines, screws, gear discs" Guan Fei showed them the customized parts one by one.  These items are all ordered domestically and manufactured domestically.  Only a very small amount of parts that could not be manufactured domestically were purchased by Sun Yaohua from Hong Kong.  The last time Sun Yaohua went to Hong Kong, he wanted to deliver things to Zhou Xiaoshan, and at the same time have the accountants audited by domestic accountants. On the other hand, he wanted to buy things needed for equipment renovation through Hong Kong channels.  These things are not too high-end internationally, and they are not included in the banned list.  Sun Yaohua directly handed the list to the middleman, asked them to complete the purchase, and then brought it back with the car without any trouble at all.  " Guan Fei really wants to make many things by himself. With the help of biological assistant brain, he considers himself to be an excellent level 8 lathe, level 8 fitter, and level 8 welder. It is not difficult to buy back the materials and make the parts by himself.  "It's a pity that the conditions are still too crude. The 291st Brigade does not yet have complete processing and manufacturing capabilities, let alone good heat treatment equipment.  After a component is processed, if it is not properly heat treated, it will not meet the design requirements. It can only be said to have a good-looking appearance but no practicality.  "Look, this is the design drawing of the worm and turbine" Guan Fei brought these teachers here, not really hoping that they would transform the C616.  The phenomenon of disconnection between domestic education and reality has been around for a long time.  Textbooks always develop much slower than the industry. This is mainly because some new technologies that have not yet been fully recognized cannot be written into textbooks immediately to avoid imparting wrong knowledge to students.  Therefore, there will always be a huge lag between teaching materials and reality.  ¡°At the same time, there is no connection between domestic education and grassroots work. Teachers only impart theoretical knowledge in the classroom and do not know how to practice it themselves.  There is no connection between theory and practice, and the students taught are usually eloquent. They say they are invincible, but in practice they are not as good as an ordinary worker.  Guan Fei doesn¡¯t want these teachers to copy the domestic practices in Brigade 291 and teach students who are gentlemen who talk but don¡¯t do anything.  He wants to let these teachers enter the factory through various technical transformation projects and use their knowledge to combine with practical work down-to-earth.  To put it bluntly, his knowledge is hundreds of years ahead of these teachers!  ¡°In terms of their knowledge alone, these teachers are not even qualified to carry his shoes.  He has the theory and even the specific manufacturing drawings and processes, but he lacks people to turn them into reality. What he wants is this kind of talent. As for theoretical research, China is better equipped than him to do it.  "Look, this is the strength requirement of the worm design. The speed we designed is, and its torque force is calculated by the formula" Guan Fei laid out the drawings on a workbench and pulled out a thick book.  The thick mechanical design specifications, together with the teachers on site, checked the design ideas, workpiece requirements, material selection, and processing points one by one, and checked the formulas on paper.  This is also a new thing for these teachers, and they are very happy to do it.  Although Guan Fei had already completed everything, even asking domestic manufacturers to prepare the parts, they also knew that with their level of skill, it was too early to talk about technical transformation.  If they can digest and absorb the design made by Guan Fei, they will feel that they have gained a lot.  After such a long period of contact, no one dared to regard Guan Fei as a stupid soldier with a condescending attitude.  In actual comparison, they are the primary school students who should look up to others.  "I chose ZQSn6-6-3 for the nut here. Its wear resistance" Guan Fei was pointing at the material manual and explaining the material selection of the nut to everyone. A teacher who leaned over to look at it suddenly said  : "From the manual, ZQSn10-1 seems to be more suitable, why not use it?" "Yes! Just looking at the material strength, wear resistance and other properties, ZQSn10-1 is more suitable. But it is more expensive, than 6-6-  3 is more than ten times more expensive! Our goal is to rebuild an economical CNC lathe. Even if 6-6-3 breaks down, it will not be troublesome to replace, and the cost will be reduced a lot" Guan Fei said patiently.  explained to them.  Teacher Tang and others nodded repeatedly.  This is another disconnect between theory and practice. We are only engaged in theoretical research and want to be the best in everything. Things may be very good, but the difficulty and cost of manufacturing are also much higher than other products of the same type.  In actual production, if there is no special need, manufacturers would rather lower the performance slightly and hope to produce products in large quantities economically.  "How much is the total investment in these spare parts?" Teacher Tang asked with concern.  "Includes?This three-phase asynchronous motor, as well as control system components, Z80 processor, and data memory, cost 1,703 yuan!  "Guan Fei reported the prices of various spare parts without thinking. The most expensive one here is the Z84008 processor, which retails for US$180, or RMB 372. The Z80 was only launched last year.  The new processor is actually compatible with the 8086 processor. The initial frequency is two MHz, four MHz, and eight MHz. The one Guan Fei bought was the most expensive one. In this era, microcomputers were still a concept.  The processor is mainly used in industry. The original intention of the Z80 design is to compete with the 8086 in the market. The requirement is to use hardware design to meet various special requirements and at the same time be able to adapt to various application needs through software means.  It is fast, relatively cheap, and has good scalability. It was well received once it was launched. After its introduction in the 1980s, it was deeply developed in China and designed numerous industrial single-board computers based on Z80, which are used in various applications.  There are a lot of examples of industrial equipment. Of course, Guan Fei prefers it as the control center. The biological assistant brain only needs to make slight modifications based on the specific circuit and component parameters. "It costs more than 1,700 yuan!"  " Unexpectedly, the cost quoted by Guan Fei easily made Teacher Tang and the others gasp. " So how much will it cost to complete the entire lathe transformation?  "Teacher Tang asked cautiously. "Five thousand nine hundred and twenty-six yuan and eighty-one cents!"  "Everything that needs to be bought has been bought, and the domestic processing has been completed. It has been shipped back. There is no need to estimate the total price. Guan Fei directly reported the accurate figure. "Nearly six thousand yuan!  It¡¯s worth half a lathe!  "Teacher Tang and the others were shocked. With such a large investment, after the transformation is completed, can it still be called an economical lathe? Their idea does have some truth. The transformation plan copied by Guan Fei is a design that has been continuously improved in the next twenty or thirty years.  . These designs will be very economical in 20 or 30 years, and the total investment will be only one-sixth of the value of the machine tool. But if the same design is made now, the price will still rise.  The price is valuable, and if inflation is taken into account, the total investment will be at least tens of thousands! Guan Fei has no choice. He can only try to reduce the renovation expenditure as much as possible under the current conditions.  It¡¯s true that the total price of the lathe is much higher, but it¡¯s worth it! ¡°You have to calculate it this way.  After the transformation is completed, the lathe processing efficiency will be increased by at least seven to eight times, while the labor intensity of workers can be reduced by more than 60%.  And we don¡¯t have qualified workers yet. If we use manual operations, the scrap rate will be so high that we can¡¯t tolerate it.  But with a CNC lathe, a worker with a short-term training can easily get started.  The machining accuracy of CNC lathes is stable. As long as the operating system is strictly followed, it is difficult for the machined parts to be scrapped, which actually reduces production costs.  More importantly, after improvements, the machining accuracy of the lathe will be increased by about 50%, and the maximum accuracy can reach 50 microns, which has exceeded the level of many domestic precision manufacturers!  It is actually a very cost-effective investment to invest the money of half a lathe and get a new lathe with high precision, stable operation quality, not too high requirements on workers' operation level, and seven times more efficiency!  " Guan Fei spared no effort to advocate. " Teacher Tang and the others showed doubts in their eyes, expressing doubts about whether he could achieve the effect he boasted by investing such a large cost. " If the transformation of ordinary C616 was so simple, it would have been widely promoted in China.  Will they wait for him to do it? Teacher Tang and others responded silently. Guan Fei boasted vigorously, so they just waited for it to be true. They should wait until they see the real thing.
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