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Text Chapter 29: Enemy and Friendship

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    After the US military wiped out the Korean People's Army that invaded the south, it was somewhat hesitant to cross the 38th parallel. China broadcast Zhou Enlai's speech on the radio every day: "China must not allow the imperialists to ignore the wanton aggression against its neighbors."  If China sends troops, the issue will become more complicated, the area involved will be larger, and the scale of the war will be difficult to grasp. But the problem is that if the 38th parallel is not quickly crossed, the hundreds of thousands of North Korean troops that remain will be annihilated.  Let him regroup, heal his wounds, and launch a new invasion soon. After some consideration, the Truman administration agreed to the recommendations of the U.S. Joint Chiefs of Staff and authorized the Far East on September 27, 1950.  Army Commander General MacArthur "If the main forces of the Soviet Union or Japan have not entered North Korea to fight, and the other side has not made a statement of determination to participate in the war, nor has it issued a threat to engage in a military contest with us in North Korea, the United Army can cross the 38th Parallel and destroy it.  North Korea's Arms".  The victory of the Incheon landing made everyone in the United States worship MacArthur to a superstitious level. He has become an invincible and invincible god of war in the hearts of Americans. No one doubts the correctness of the decisions he made. Even U.S. President Truman  He was also unswerving in ending the Korean War before Christmas. MacArthur, an arrogant and arrogant general, seemed to have victory in sight after receiving the authorization. It represented that the great success of his glorious military career was in sight. At this time, he could not  He will accept anyone's advice. He ignores all the premonitions before the war. He does not think that China is a force that cannot be bullied. This general is determined to follow his own ideas and eliminate the North Korean resistance as quickly as possible.  He formulated a new war plan to enter North Korea, advancing on both the east and west fronts to completely eliminate the remnants of the Kim Il Sung regime and restore North Korea's democratic and liberal order. Of course, this landing expert was indispensable for landing in North Korea when formulating a new plan. He decided to launch a new war in North Korea.  Another Macland landing operation was conducted at Wonsan Port on the east coast. Almond, commander of the 10th US Army, commanded the 1st Marine Division, the 7th Infantry Division and the Capital Division and 3rd Division of the South Korean 1st Corps.  Incheon and Pusan ??landed from Wonsan by boat. Then they moved north to sweep the remnants of North Kim Il Sung. On the western front was Walker's U.S. Eighth Army. The group army consisted of three armies and one division: the U.S. 1st Army and the U.S. 9th Army.  The South Korean 2nd Army, plus the Army Reserve U.S. 1st Cavalry Division. Among them, the U.S. 1st Army is composed of the U.S. 24th Division, the British 27th Brigade, and the South Korean 1st Division; the U.S. 9th Army is composed of the U.S. 24th and 25th Divisions and the Turkish Brigade  The South Korean 2nd Army was composed of the 6th South Division, the 7th South Division, and the 8th South Division. It was on the west coast and swept northward along the roads and railways to sweep away the remaining forces of North Korea. On October 24, MacArthur issued a joint attack  Order to fully enter North Korea. After receiving MacArthur's order, Lieutenant General Walker, commander of the Eighth U.S. Army, ordered his troops: the 24th Division of the U.S. First Army, along Pingcheng to Sunchuan, Jiechuan, Qinchuan, Guichuan  The urban railway line advances toward the Yalu River; the British 27th Brigade advances along the Anzhou, Dingzhou, and Yanzhou coastal railway lines toward Sinuiju; the South Korean First Division advances northward from Tokchon via Yongbyon; the Lingmei Division  The 1st Cavalry Division advanced from Bochuan towards Yunshan; the 6th South Division was ordered to advance from Xichuan towards Chushan; the 8th South Division advanced towards the Jiangjie via Xichuan. The US 2nd Division, the US 25th Division and the Turkish Brigade followed the US 1st Cavalry Division.  Advance, the 7th South Division follows behind the 1st South Division. The 3 armies of the US Eighth Group, a total of 8 divisions and 2 brigades, totaling more than 130,000 people. From south to north, the front and rear lines push toward the north.  But once we passed the waist of the Korean Peninsula and headed north, the east-west terrain suddenly widened, and the right wing of the U.S. Eighth Army was completely exposed. The rolling and desolate mountains made it impossible for the U.S. Eighth Army on the western front to compete with the U.S. Tenth Army in the east.  We lean on each other and support each other.  Walker was not like his superiors. He was still very cautious. He was convinced that China's constant repetition on the radio that China would not ignore the U.S. military crossing the 38th parallel was only a threat. Although MacArthur repeatedly urged him to use all his strength to  to speed up the march to the Yalu River, but General Walker still acted on his own initiative. When heading north, he deliberately sent the South Korean 2nd Army to the right wing of the US military, and placed the South Korean 6th Division on the right wing and the US left wing.  The British 27th Army advancing along the west coast was more forward, acting as a touch point for the Eighth Army in order to retreat immediately if there was any disturbance. At this time, our Chinese People's Volunteer Army was also quietly marching day and night, and the number of troops secretly entering North Korea has reached 6 troops plus  There are as many as 300,000 gunners in three artillery divisions. In order not to be discovered by the enemy, drones also use reconnaissance methods every night. They basically know the enemy situation and the situation of the Korean People's Army. On the evening of October 21, Peng Dehuai and Kim Il Sung  Instead of meeting in Dayudong as in history, the power plant in North Korea was built at the Changdian Hekou Hydropower Station on the left bank of the Yalu River.  The two met for the first time. Kim Il Sung, who was waiting in front of the factory, greeted him with a smile and said: "On behalf of the Party and Government of North Korea and the people of the Democratic People's Republic of Korea, I warmly and sincerely welcome Comrade Peng Dehuai!" Then he guided Peng Dehuai.  The boss and Chai Junwu, the charge d'affaires of the Chinese Embassy in North Korea, entered the room and started the first meeting.  After conveying Chairman Mao's greetings, Peng Dehuai introduced to Kim Il Sung: The Chinese Volunteer Army has 6 corps and 3 artillery divisions. In addition, there are anti-aircraft artillery regiments, engineering corps, automobile regiments and other units, totaling more than 350,000 people.  YingchaoAt the invitation of the Democratic People's Republic of Korea, they began to cross the Yalu River into North Korea in batches from Andong, Changdian River Estuary, and Ji'an on the evening of the 18th.  ** plans to mobilize two more corps and a total of 6 corps as volunteer reserve forces.  Kim Il-sung smiled and said excitedly: "Thank you to the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China and Chairman of the Communist Party of China for their full assistance." Peng Dehuai introduced our army's next combat plan to Kim Il-sung. Because the two sides did not have unified command, Peng Dehuai asked North Korea  All troops on the western front of the People's Army should assemble towards the Hamhung-Changjin-Kang boundary line on the eastern front to prevent the Korean People's Army from collapsing and occupying the road, affecting the advance of the Volunteer Army. At the same time, it is also necessary to avoid misunderstandings that may occur during war.  Next, talking about how the two armies should cooperate, Peng Dehuai suggested that the troops of the Korean People's Army should gather to the east and go to Zhanling, Huangcaoling and western Hamhung to build fortifications in Guangwang to block the Southern Capital Division and the US 1st Marine Division on the east line.  , to alert the enemy to advance northward and westward, and to ensure the safety of the left wing of our army's troops penetrating behind enemy lines. Kim Il-sung told Peng Dehuai; on October 20, more than 1,000 people from the 187th Regiment of the US Airborne Corps were in Suchuan and Sunchuan north of Pyongyang.  Airborne operations were carried out in the area.  MacArthur stated that the purpose of this move was to surround North Korean party and government officials retreating north from Pyongyang.  The situation on the front is now very chaotic. He has not contacted the troops retreating from Pyongyang for three days.  Mr. Peng knew from the intelligence obtained through unmanned reconnaissance aircraft and actual channels that at this time, the Korean People's Army, not including the 18th Division, 36th Division, 66th Division and 1 Tank Regiment, 32nd Division, had withdrawn to Northeast China.  , 37th Division, 38th Division, 42nd Division, 45th Division, and 76th Division, a total of 9 divisions and 1 tank regiment, with a total of 90,000 people.  There is also an officer school, an aviation school, more than 200 aircraft, and 9 remaining divisions located near the 38th Parallel.  The troops in northern North Korea near the border between China and North Korea include the 46th Division and the 47th Division, each with 10,000 troops each. The 105th Tank Division, the 17th Tank Brigade and a ** Regiment are located in the Turtle City area;  The 3rd Army Corps has 5,000 troops in the 1st Division, 3,000 troops in the 3rd Division, 10,000 troops in the 8th Division, 10,000 troops in the 12th Division, 10,000 troops in the 13th Division, and 10,000 troops in the 15th Division, located in the Jiangjie area.  The 41st Division has 10,000 people, the 1st Coast Defense Brigade has 6,000 people, the 71st Infantry Regiment has 3,000 people, and the Tank Regiment is located in the Fengshan area.  The above three legions have a total of 9 divisions, 1 brigade and 1 tank regiment, as well as 1 tank division, 1 tank brigade and 1 tank regiment, with a total of more than 90,000 people.  Although one of them is a newly formed unit.  But among the high mountains in the east, there are many very rugged and narrow passes. It should be no problem for a few days to guard and intercept the US Marine Corps' 1st Division that has not yet completely landed. But when you see the young and young people in front of you, you have a big belly.  , Prime Minister Kim, who was well-maintained, said: "Then please contact Prime Minister Kim as soon as possible. Our headquarters is temporarily located in Zhenjiang Mountain, Andong" Kim Il-sung's original name was Kim Sung-ju, a pseudonym.  Kim Yong-hwan.  On April 15, 1912, he was born in a farming family in Gupyeongnam-ri, Datong County, South Pyongan Province, North Korea, which is now Mangyongdae, Pyongyang City.  When he was 5 years old, his family moved to Jilin, China with his father.  When he was young, he studied at Changbai County No. 2 National School, and later followed his father's instructions and returned to his motherland to study.  At the age of 14, he entered Huacheng School again in Huadian County, Jilin, China.  At the age of 17, he was arrested by the local government for engaging in anti-Japanese activities and imprisoned in Jilin Prison.  After being released from prison in May 1930, he changed his name to Kim Il Sung.  At the age of 19, he joined the Chinese Communist Party and participated in the anti-Japanese activities under the leadership of the party.  In the winter of 1931, Kim Il-sung led some Korean soldiers to break away from Wang Delin's Jilin Chinese National Rescue Corps and formed another Wangqing guerrilla force.  In April 1932, he led the establishment of the Antu Anti-Japanese Guerrilla Force and appointed himself as captain.  In the Changbai Mountains, we persisted in carrying out the anti-Japanese guerrilla war.  In May 1935, he served as political commissar of the 3rd Regiment of the 2nd Army of the Northeast Anti-Japanese Alliance.  In March 1936, he served as commander of the 3rd Division of the 2nd Army of the Northeast Anti-Japanese Allied Forces.  After the failure of the Anti-Japanese Alliance, the First, Second, and Third Route Armies of the Anti-Japanese Alliance successively moved to the Soviet Union near Shuangchengzi (today's Ussuriysk) and Yask Farm to establish south and north camps for training.  On August 1, 1942, the Anti-Japanese Allied Forces in the Soviet Union formed the Northeast Anti-Japanese Allied Forces Teaching Brigade with Zhou Baozhong as the brigade commander, also known as the 88th Infantry Brigade of the Soviet Far East Front and the Northeast Committee of the Communist Party of China.  Kim Il Sung served as a battalion commander of the brigade.  Was awarded the rank of captain.  At the end of July 1945, the Northeast Committee of the Communist Party of China divided the original members into the Northeast Working Group and the Korean Working Group based on the needs of the development of the situation.  He led the Soviet army to march into Northeast China, and detached some Korean comrades to form a Korean working group to march with the Soviet army into North Korea.  Because Cui Yongjian, the head of the North Korean Working Group, is the secretary of the Northeastern Committee of the Communist Party of China, he must report his work to the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China.  He did not serve as the head of the task force.  In the working group, there were Kim Chaek and Kim Il who later became senior commanders of the Korean People's Army, Choe Hyun-hyun, the deputy minister of the Ministry of National Defense of Korea, generals, Oh Baek-yong, Oh Jin-woo, the marshal of the Democratic People's Republic of Korea, and Park Sung-cheol, the marshal of the Democratic People's Republic of Korea.  Vice Chairman of the Communist People's Republic of China and others.  After Japan unconditionally surrendered, northern Korea was liberated.  Kim Il-sung took the lead and proposed the idea of ??building the party, the country, and the army.  His idea received strong support from the Soviet Union. On October 10, the North Korean Organizing Committee for the North Korean Revolution was established, and he served as the first secretary.  With the help of the Soviet 25th Army, the North Korean Provisional People's Committee was elected chairman.  On August 28, the Korean Communist Party and the Korean New Democratic Party merged into the Workers' Party of North Korea, and was elected as the General Secretary of the Central Committee. On February 8, 1948,?, the Korean People's Army was established.  Many people in the Volunteer Army are not interested in the Korean People's Army.  The Korean People's Army was originally composed of Korean soldiers from the Northeast Anti-Japanese Alliance and the Eighth Route Army. It was originally a pure bloodline of our army. Because the Soviet army helped to form the People's Army, it was completely Sovietized, so that the Soviet army replaced the original Korean people's army.  The blood of the army. The most disgusting thing for the Volunteer Army is that each cadre above the battalion is equipped with a car and a female secretary. The strict hierarchy does not have military democracy. Especially the middle and lower-level officers are even worse. During the Korean War,  When the two armies lived in the same place, there was an incident where a company commander of the Korean People's Army asked a plainly dressed senior general of our army to pour water for his feet. When he found out later, he was scared to death. In comparison, most of the divisions and above  The cadres have great respect for the volunteers. At the beginning of the Korean War, most of the people who participated in the fighting were People's Liberation Army troops who had just returned from the four fields and were officially organized. They achieved good results. However, as the fighting continued, there were fewer and fewer People's Liberation Army soldiers. The Korean people  Both the fighting will and the fighting quality of the soldiers were greatly reduced. What is even more puzzling is that when they saw the volunteer soldiers who came to save their lives, they were disheveled and holding miscellaneous weapons in their hands. The disappointment and contempt were beyond words. This made most of them  The volunteer soldiers felt particularly unhappy.
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