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Text Chapter 58: A century of revenge

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    A century of avenged shame The victory of the Chinese People's Volunteers in the Korean battlefield caused joy throughout the country. People expressed their joy in various forms. In a teahouse in Beijing, several old gentlemen were talking enthusiastically. "I said Jin Liuye  , Long time no see. Have you read today¡¯s newspaper? It¡¯s so enjoyable, a century-old shame has been wiped out in one fell swoop.¡±. ¡°I¡¯m so happy to hear my granddaughter read it! Then I wanted to come out for tea. I said Li  Si'er, when you are happy, don't mention the unforgivable century-old shame of the past." The man called Jin Liuye replied somewhat gloomily. "Huh. Huh, that's not a good thing done by your Manchu ancestors, but  That's what the newspaper said: 'A hundred years of shame, now wiped out in one fell swoop.'" Li Si poured a cup of tea for Jin Liuye and said. A middle-aged man who looked like a teacher took a sip of tea and said, "This can't be entirely blamed on Jin Liuye.  They, the Manchus, the Chinese only truly understand the world when they realize China's peril. The Chinese have always believed that China, the central empire, the center of the world, has always regarded itself as a heavenly kingdom, bringing disaster to a large country with a vast territory and abundant resources.  They are rich in products, have everything, are self-sufficient, and enjoy themselves. They are arrogant and arrogant, close their eyes and ears, and know little about the outside world. They even ignore the barbarians outside and are dismissive.  I don¡¯t know how the land cessation and compensation will happen.¡± ¡°Mr. Liu is right,¡± Mr. Jin Liu said while wiping his goatee: I read a book when I was a child. It was about the fifteenth year of Daoguang¡¯s reign. Lin Zexu, the governor of Huguang, organized people  After translating "Records of the Four Kingdoms", the Chinese realized how big the world was. In addition to our central empire, there were so many countries with strange names, such as Great Britain, France, Portugal, and Spain.  It¡¯s so damn hard to remember, and I don¡¯t want to remember. No matter what they were called at that time, they were collectively called barbarians." "Mr. Lin was the most sober person in China at that time, and the first person to open his eyes and see the world." Mr. Liu  Said. "Hey Speaking of which, the shame of China in the past hundred years is all caused by the British-Barbarian smoke. Without the smoke, it would be impossible to fight. I heard from the elders that in the beginning, those yellow men who came to China to do business were honest. They took some for food.  Someone came to sell knives, forks, swords and halberds. Who would buy them? They also gave kerosene lamps to every home. It was very smoky and had a choking smell, so no one wanted them. Their foreign cloth seemed to be quite good, but it was thin and not strong.  People bought and saw that nothing could be sold, and then they got bad intentions and started selling cigarettes. From the post-Yongzheng period, when Daoguang came to the throne, they could sell 4,000 boxes of gold in one year.  Mr. Liu said while gesturing at the size of the box. "It has increased tenfold in the past eighteen years."  Smoking has become widespread, and the Chinese people who smoked have yellow faces and thin muscles, and cannot do anything. Ding Dang Sheng, who is poor at home, still wants to smoke. Master Daoguang saw that it was not possible. Daoguang asked the ministers what to do? These ministers had no idea. Later,  Lin Zexu, the then governor of Huguang, gave Lord Daoguang a warning: if opium is not banned, the country will be poor and the people weak in a few decades. The Central Plains will have few soldiers who can defend the enemy, and there will be no silver to pay for it.  Daoguang was impressed and appointed Lin Zexu as the imperial envoy to ban opium. He went to Guangdong to ban opium.  Mr. Jin Liu took a sip of tea and continued: "In March of the following year, Mr. Lin arrived in Guangzhou, strictly inspected the cigarette dealers, and ordered the foreigners to hand over their opium."  In June of the same year, more than 2 million kilograms of confiscated cigarettes were burned in public at Humen Beach. This angered the foreigners. They said that if they did not compensate for the losses, they would take action. Daoguang asked the Imperial Envoy Lin Zexu what his chances of winning were.  Lin Zexu believed that defeating the British would be no problem.  In his memorial to Daoguang, he wrote: "The only way to reach him is to have strong guns and strong ships. Once he reaches the shore, he has no other skills, and his whole body is wrapped up, his waist and legs are stiff, and he can get up even if he is alone."  One soldier can kill many enemies, even the brave civilians can kill them. Moreover, the Yi people have different words and clothes, and their eyes, nose and hair are very different from those of the Chinese. Our people work together to annihilate the foreigners, and there will be no accidental killing. " "The Art of War.  Yun: Know yourself and the enemy, and you can fight a hundred battles without danger. Master Lin's statement is really a stupid joke." Li Si said. "Hey Mr. Jin Liu sighed again and said: At that time, he was the one who knew the Yingyi best in the entire dynasty. Others knew it.  Even less. In June of the 18th year of Daoguang's reign, more than 4,000 British troops took more than 40 ships to blockade the Pearl River estuary in Guangzhou. Seeing that there were iron chains hanging on the river, there was no gap to take advantage of. They marched north to Dinghai, Zhejiang.  On the morning of July 6, the British army wiped out 1,540 people of the Dinghai Division without any casualties. The Dinghai Division raised Dinghai with 13 casualties each.  Their hand was given to the British army. Are these dog slaves really useless? Even if there were 1,540 pigs lying there, it would take several hours for the British army to kill them. Later, they went to Tianjin and Haikou to deliver the note from the British Foreign Secretary.  Qishan, the governor of Zhili, was ordered to go to Chuanbi outside Humenkou, Tianjin, to negotiate with the British commander and negotiate a draft treaty, known in history as the "Chuanbi Treaty". China ceded Hong Kong and paid an indemnity of 6 million yuan, and Britain returned Dinghai.  After Daoguang heard this, Long Yan was furious, so on January 27, 1841, the 21st year of Daoguang, Emperor Daoguang declared war on Britain and sent his nephew Yishan as General Jingni to lead his troops to fight in Guangdong. 2  In August, the British army captured the Humen Fort at the cost of 38 casualties. Guangdong Navy Admiral Guan Tianpei and others were bravely killed, as were more than 400 defenders. " " Mr. Jin Liuye."My memory is very good, I remember it all!" Mr. Liu said while pouring a new cup of tea for Mr. Jin Liu. "When my grandfather was alive, he asked us children to remember these things and practice more skills.  He said that he would settle accounts with these Huang Maozi in the future when he has the ability. "I think it was the stupidity of Emperor Daoguang at that time, who dismissed Lin Zexu, who was the main battler, and activated a group of capitulationists.  "Li Si said angrily. That Mr. Liu said: "What will happen if we don't withdraw? I think this is Daoguang's success in Lin Zexu, allowing him to preserve his famous name.  Chinese history, Chinese culture, and Chinese politics are extremely complex. When a "bad" thing happens, Chinese people from top to bottom often fail to bravely face reality, seriously sum up experience and lessons, and look for the inevitable consequences of things.  The factors should be solved fundamentally. Instead, they are busy extricating themselves from the "bad" things, and then looking for two scapegoats, so they say that this thing was good, but it was because of these bad guys and mediocre people that they ruined the thing.  It has harmed the country and the nation, otherwise it would never be like this.  Create two more heroes, Ah Q. After that, the whole country will be spiritually relieved.  This concept of finding a scapegoat and the ancestral spirit of Ah Q have prevented many Chinese people from deeply understanding the lessons of history.  In my opinion, fundamentally speaking, the Qing dynasty that ruled China has entered a crisis-ridden "decline" after the "prosperity of Kangxi and Qianlong" during the first two generations of founding emperors.  "After more than a hundred years of "peace and prosperity" in the Manchu Qing Dynasty, the founding emperor's civil and military strategies and martial spirit were almost lost. Even the bloody spirit of the nomadic people was washed away by the comfortable life.  Er Jing. Each political dwarf took charge of this huge Chinese empire from generation to generation." "Yes!" Li Si interjected: "The entire Manchu and Qing emperors are like grasshoppers under the donkey. One generation is worse than the other." "Daoguang is the Qing Dynasty.  After the sixth emperor entered the customs, most of the cultivated land in China under his rule was concentrated in the hands of the royal family, bureaucrats, and landlords. However, the vast majority of farmers, who accounted for the vast majority of the country's population, had little or no land.  The people were overwhelmed by heavy land rents, taxes, corv¨¦es and usury, and fell into the tragic situation of poverty, bankruptcy and displacement. The contradiction between the peasant class and the landlord class has become a major contradiction and is constantly intensifying. The people's support is against them."  Mr. Liu analyzed it from a political point of view. That Jin Liuye nodded and said: "Listen to me, after the British troops landed, there was no such thing as Lin Zexu said, "Our people worked together to annihilate the non-species," and  It was the emergence of a large number of "traitors" who, under the temptation of the British army's small profits, led the way for the British army and provided various intelligence to the British army. Jin Liuye took a sip of tea and picked up a spiced peanut and put it in his mouth.  Said: "These people are hateful, but it also shows that the people are dissatisfied with the imperial court." "I think there is another reason for the failure of the Opium War. That is the emperor's arrogance and arrogance, intoxicated in the dream of "the Kingdom of Heaven"  .  Generally speaking, the officials in the border areas are ignorant and closed-minded, corruption and bribery are common in official circles at all levels, and the administration of officials is corrupt.  Corruption and bribery have become an unstoppable trend.  Officials at all levels have made making money their top priority. When faced with alien invasion, officials at all levels are thinking about themselves at all times to ensure their own vested interests." "Mr. Liu, you are right. All officials are right.  He's gone to get the fucking money. Who would risk his life as a soldier? Even I won't do it." Li Si took a sip from his water pipe and said. Jin Liuye said: "Yes, during the Daoguang period, the Eight Banners had green uniforms.  There are more than 900,000 people, but there are many vacancies. It is common for officers at all levels to have empty pay. Weapons are outdated, military affairs are slack, there is a lack of training, soldiers' military discipline is corrupt, and opium smoking is common among officers and soldiers. However, the annual salary consumption exceeds 20 million taels, accounting for 10% of the total at that time.  Nearly half of Master Daoguang's annual fiscal revenue. These dog slaves just want to make money. Therefore, facing a mere 4,000 British troops, they did not defend a fortress that the British troops wanted to attack, and they did not recapture a stronghold that the British wanted to hold!  At that time, the imperial court was really useless in raising this group of people, and they became a burden to the imperial court." Jin Liuye asked the tea boy to pour tea, then took a sip and said: It was not easy for Daoguang at that time. He was a very diligent and thrifty man.  The emperor, I heard from my elders that he should not eat more than four bowls a day in the palace, and even wear patched trousers. After the "Sino-British Treaty of Nanjing" was signed, the news spread to Beijing. After Daoguang retired from the court, he prostrated himself.  On the steps of the side hall, there was no rest all day and night, but when the waiter heard the sound of Tai's breathing, five drums were played, and he almost paused and let out a long sigh."  After finishing speaking, Jin Liuye shook his head. Li Si said: "Jin Liuye, don't be ridiculous. The emperor eats four dishes and one soup every meal and wears torn trousers?" "It's up to you to believe it or not, I've heard this too."  Jin Liuye said very calmly. Li Si refilled some tea for Jin Liuye and Mr. Liu respectively and said, "Jin Liuye, tell me why Emperor Xianfeng doesn't want to avenge his father?" Jin Liuye stared: Who?  He said that he did not want revenge. After Xianfeng came to power, the first thing he did was to avenge Daoguang. He dismissed all the peace factions in Daoguang's era and re-established the war faction, including Lin Zexu. But alas.   Like Master Daoguang, he defeated the Second Opium War, and his defeat was worse than Master Daoguang." Mr. Liu nodded and said: Yes, in August 1860, the British and French coalition forces numbered 18,000 people.Landed in Beitang and occupied Tianjin. In September, Emperor Xianfeng declared war on Britain and France on September 12, 1860. The Qing army failed to defeat the British and French forces at Bali Bridge in Tongzhou, Beijing.  Emperor Xianfeng of the Qing Dynasty, his wife and concubines fled to Chengde.  On October 18, the British and French forces occupied Beijing, looted and burned the Old Summer Palace.  The British and French forces looted, burned and killed in the suburbs of Beijing for nearly 50 days. Imperial gardens in the suburbs such as Old Summer Palace, Qingyi Garden, Jingming Garden in Yuquan Mountain, Jingyi Garden in Xiangshan, Changchun Garden, etc. were all burned to the ground.  The Qing court sent Yi Xin as a plenipotentiary minister to negotiate peace and sign the Treaty of Beijing between China, Britain and France.  In November, Tsarist Russia forced the Qing government to sign the Sino-Russian "Beijing Treaty".  China paid huge compensation and lost its territorial sovereignty of 840,000 square kilometers, an area larger than the three northeastern provinces.  " "It makes people feel distressed just thinking about it now," Jin Liuye said distressedly. "Is there anything more distressing?" Li Si said angrily.
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