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Text Chapter 203 Recovering Outer Mongolia

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    The battle on the east bank of the Kherulun River, 15 kilometers east of Qiaobashan City in Outer Mongolia, was the only large-scale battle between the Chinese People's Liberation Army and the former Mongolian People's Liberation Army during its march into Outer Mongolia to perform defense tasks.  The First Group Army of the Chinese People's Liberation Army used thunderous means to quickly eliminate the 5th Mongolian Cavalry Division, the most powerful elite division in the Mongolian People's Army, and the heavy artillery battalion of the Soviet 9th Mechanized Infantry Division stationed in Qiuba Mountain.  It reflects the determination and will of the Chinese government and the Chinese people to safeguard national unity and territorial integrity by any means.  The 1st Armored Division on the East Road, the 1st Inner Mongolia Armed Police Public Security Division, and the 1st Inner Mongolia Army Reclamation Division took advantage of the victory to successfully take over eastern Outer Mongolia, and quickly moved to the northeastern border of Outer Mongolia to perform defense tasks, and did a good job with "Old Soldiers"  "Brother" is ready to take action.  ¡¾¡¿ On the west road, the 1st Mechanized Infantry Division and the 1st Reserve Division of the Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps divided their troops into two routes from the area north of Altai into western Outer Mongolia and rushed toward the intended target.  As soon as the operation started that night, the 6th Aviation Group landed in the Chagannuer area, a road junction connecting the western part of Outer Mongolia and the Soviet Union, and the Khanh area, a road junction connecting the northern part of Outer Mongolia and the Soviet Union, first cutting off the Soviet Union and Outer Mongolia.  The two highways to the west and northwest blocked the border between the Soviet Union and Outer Mongolia.  The 1st Mechanical Infantry Division, the 1st Reserve Division of the Xinjiang Construction Corps, traveled day and night along the highway in western Outer Mongolia. At a speed of more than 200 kilometers per day, it arrived at the designated position as scheduled, took over western Outer Mongolia, and fully carried out the mission to Outer Mongolia.  Western and North-Western Border Defense Mission.  "" On the middle road, the 3rd Mechanized Infantry Division and the 1st Division of the Inner Mongolia Armed Police Public Security Division entered Outer Mongolia the fastest. They occupied Zamen Ud in Outer Mongolia, which is connected to Erlianhot in Inner Mongolia without any blood, and then took the train to Ulaanbaatar.  Moving forward, in order to protect the safety along the railway from Erenhot to Ulaanbaatar, Deng Feng's Far East Corps not only used two drones to conduct strict reconnaissance and monitoring of the surrounding areas of the railway, but also dispatched 4 armed helicopters along the railway.  patrol.  To ensure that this only railway artery is foolproof.  Wherever the Far East Corps went, except for the "returnists" former Mongolian People's Army led by Danba who did not disarm, the rest of the armed forces all disarmed and arrested military advisers stationed by the Soviet army to the former Mongolian People's Army.  , and dispatched reorganized personnel to the former Mongolian People's Liberation Army, and resolutely suppressed those die-hard elements who insisted on independence.  The 2nd Infantry Division quickly marched westward to capture Khutag as planned, then turned northeast and penetrated into the border city of Sukhbagr between the Soviet Union and Outer Mongolia to encircle the 5th Infantry Division of the Soviet Red Flag Far East Military District.  The 1st Cavalry Brigade took over the defense north of Ulaanbaatar.  Push forward to compress the Soviet 9th Mechanized Infantry Division in the direction of Sukhbagr.  Forcibly disarm him.  Eight hours after the start of "Operation Return", the Far East Corps of the Chinese People's Liberation Army took control of major strategic locations and transportation arteries in Outer Mongolia.  This is a typical mechanized group attack battle organized by the Far East Corps.  The tactic of using the center as the main attack direction and coordinating with the east-west direction to bloom in the center of the 1st Airborne Division was very successful. A total of 4 mechanized armored divisions, 1 airborne division, 2 armed police public security divisions, and 3 production and construction corps troops were used in this operation.  Logistics support divisions, a total of 10 divisions and two Army aviation groups.  More than 20,000 people and more than 400 "Destroyer" tanks.  There are more than 500 "Raider" wheeled armored vehicles and more than 9000 various vehicles.  Because the attack was too fast, the Soviet Union had not had time to make any response, and it became an established fact that Outer Mongolia was taken over by China.  In 195, First Secretary Danba announced the dissolution of the Mongolian People's Republic in 1934, and the merger of Inner and Outer Mongolia to form the Far East Province of the People's Republic of China.  Danba became the first governor of Far East Province and deputy secretary of the Far East Provincial Committee of the Communist Party of China.  The return of Outer Mongolia is an international political event of great significance, marking that China has begun to clean up the "bad debts" left over from history; the rifts within the international political movement have become public.  Whether this can trigger a new world war and whether a nuclear war can be triggered between these two largest nuclear powers has become the focus of world attention.  The Wall Street Journal of the United States ran the headline "China's lightning attack on Outer Mongolia, and the world was shocked!" and exclaimed: "The world was shocked! The Chinese Communists did not hesitate to overthrow the imposition imposed by Stalin, the leader of the international communist movement.  With an unequal treaty on their heads, they launched a lightning attack on Outer Mongolia and occupied the Mongolian People's Republic, which had been under the protection of the Soviet Union since 1924, in just one day. The Chinese government claimed that this was in response to the return of the Provisional People's Government of Outer Mongolia.  At China's request, the Chinese People's Liberation Army performed normal defense tasks in Outer Mongolia. This action by China completely shattered the Soviet Union's attempt to turn Outer Mongolia into its 16 republics. Frankly speaking, until the 1920s,  Outer Mongolia is still part of China's territory. However, Tsarist Russia had territorial ambitions for Outer Mongolia as early as the 18th century, coveting this sparsely populated land of more than 1.5 million square kilometers, which is rich in natural resources and has a very important strategic position.  Official publications of Tsarist Russia have publicly claimed that Russia has a special mission in Outer Mongolia and that the Gobi Desert??The natural boundary of the empire in the far east and southeast.  However, at that time, the focus of Tsarist Russia's aggression was to devour the entire Manchuria, and the invasion of Outer Mongolia was still on the back burner.  After the Opium War in 1840, especially when the Qing government was defeated by the British and French forces in 1860, Tsarist Russia took the opportunity to force the Qing government to enter into many unequal treaties, seize large tracts of territory from China, and seize many privileges in Mongolia.  After the founding of the Soviet Union, it continued Tsarist Russia's policy of aggression and expansion. Under the banner of "internationalism," it began new expansionary operations in Outer Mongolia. They realized the dream that the Tsar had not realized.  In May 1924, with the military support of the Soviet Union, Outer Mongolia unilaterally declared the establishment of the Mongolian People's Republic. From then on, under the coercion of the Soviet Union, Outer Mongolia announced its seclusion to the outside world and severed all contacts with China.  Barred by thousands of miles of desert, what happened in Outer Mongolia was rarely known to the outside world except for the Soviets. It became the most mysterious country under the Soviet Iron Curtain. Facing China, an increasingly rising and aggressive little brother, the Soviet Union was a **  How will the boss respond?  The whole world is waiting to see." The most important newspaper in the UK, The Times, under the title "How will the world face a vengeful China", made the following comments on China's actions to regain Outer Mongolia: "After the Chinese Communist Party seized power across the country  , completely ignoring the inheritance of a country's political power, they unreasonably described a series of foreign treaties signed by previous regimes as 'unequal treaties' imposed on them and overturned them.  They completely ignored the most important principle of acknowledging reality and the fact of foreign independence in international politics, especially diplomatic relations, and launched an armed invasion against the Mongolian People's Republic, which had formal diplomatic relations with them.  Shanghai, China, arrested the Prime Minister of the Mongolian People's Republic, Tsedenbal, who was going to attend the World Expo. This is indeed a regrettable incident.  China's actions are also completely outside the scope allowed by the so-called principles of proletarian internationalism.  What surprises us is that this time China fired its arrow of revenge at its brother socialist countries and their big brother Russia.  Can the Russian boss in the ** camp teach China, its plump brother, who always peeks at his position as the boss, the same lesson he taught Hungary?  I dare to conclude that there will definitely be a dog-eat-dog fight between the two great powers China and Russia.¡± From this review in The Times, it is not difficult to see the bitter whine and despicable gloating of a declining empire.  mentality. Soviet Pravda also published a commentator article on this: "On May 13, China brazenly launched an armed aggression against the brotherly Mongolian People's Republic, which cannot help but make us doubt whether the People's Republic of China is still a socialist country.  .  The Mongolian People's Republic1 was established after the end of World War II.  In February 1945, the "Yalta Agreement" reached by the United States, Britain, and the Soviet Union clearly stated in the first article of the agreement that "the status quo in Outer Mongolia must be maintained." At that time, the Chinese government also recognized the independence of Outer Mongolia.  .  In October 1945, the then government of the Republic of China sent Deputy Minister of the Interior Lei Fazhang to Outer Mongolia to supervise the voting of the All-Mongolian People's Referendum**.  494,74 citizens participated in the vote, 489,291 voted in favor of the revolution, and the rest abstained.  In other words, 99% of Outer Mongolian voters are in favor of **.  Finally, the government of the Republic of China issued an official announcement on January 5, 1946, declaring foreign independence.  On October 1, 1949, the People's Republic of China was established.  The Mongolian People's Republic established formal diplomatic relations with New China on October 16, 1949, following the Soviet Union.  Even in early 1950, when China and the Soviet Union negotiated and signed the Sino-Soviet Treaty of Friendship, Alliance and Mutual Assistance, China acquiesced to the status of the Mongolian People's Republic. It was just to save the face of New China and did not reflect it in the friendship treaty.  Although the issue of Outer Mongolia is a matter between the Mongolian People's Republic and the People's Republic of China, and we are only a third party, as a major socialist country and a socialist country that bears great responsibility for the international democratic movement, we cannot ignore this.  If one socialist country blatantly invades another socialist country, we sincerely hope that the Chinese Communist Party can put the overall interests of the world's proletariat first, abandon its narrow nationalist ideas, and safeguard the harmony and unity of the socialist family.  , to jointly fight against the aggressive expansion of the imperialist camp headed by the United States. "For China's lightning-fast takeover of Outer Mongolia, the Soviet Union's response was really too slow. The Soviet army believed in the large-depth, high-height, wide-frontal mechanized offensive combat theory of large corps  , this campaign theory is based on all-out war, so it is only suitable for all-out war and nuclear war, and is very inconsistent with the controllable regional conflicts that broke out repeatedly after the Second World War.  Due to the shortcomings of the local battle tactics theory, the Soviet army was more like a huge but inflexible giant. Faced with China's actions to regain Outer Mongolia, the Soviet Union's national defense and armed forces were at a loss.  Congress of People's Deputies, Supreme Soviet of the USSR, ?The Defense Conference of the United States and the Council of Ministers of the Soviet Union exercise leadership.  The National Defense Council of the Soviet Union is an ad hoc, all-powerful supreme defense organ that implements unified leadership of the Party, government and military over the national defense of the Soviet Union.  The Chairman of the National Defense Council is the ex-officio Supreme Commander of the Soviet Armed Forces, and is held by the General Secretary of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union.  At this time, Khrushchev, General Secretary of the Central Committee of the Soviet Communist Party, was really a little confused.  What should we do about this matter?  A total war with China?  That is not a matter that you have the final say. The Congress of People's Deputies of the Soviet Union is the highest authority of the Soviet Union. Only the People's Congress of the Soviet Union can decide such major issues as war and peace.  Even if I have the final say, can I fight this battle?  In Europe, we are faced with the North Atlantic Treaty Organization, which is eyeing the imperialist camp headed by the United States. In Asia, we are faced with China, an aggressive socialist country that does not take itself seriously at all; in the small socialist countries of Eastern Europe,  The brothers also rebelled one after another. If China had not done some persuasive work among these little brothers, I am afraid that the Warsaw Pact of the socialist camp would really be in chaos. Without the Warsaw Pact, the Soviet Union would have lost its geostrategic advantage in Europe.  It is difficult to guarantee the security of the Soviet Union; and the bastards in the Communist Party actually want to overthrow themselves when the international communist movement is in chaos.  These intricate factors at home and abroad, inside and outside the party, are intertwined, interconnected, and interactive. They really affect the whole body. Any mistake on your part will put you in an irreversible situation. Hey, it is better to leave this matter to the Soviet Defense Conference for discussion.  , let the People¡¯s Congress decide.
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