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Text Chapter 206 The Forgotten Territory

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    I believe that the vast majority of people in the world do not want war like us.  () Only through negotiation can we reach the door of peace.  We must first fully realize this ourselves.  "Nixon respected Dulles, a politician who was as famous for his corruption as himself, but he was now old, frail and terminally ill, and could no longer keep up with the unpredictable development of the world: "I have no contact with the Soviets.  I understand, but through contact with the Chinese, I understand some of their thoughts. They do not want war, because war will affect their economic development. They hope to establish normal relations and exchanges and cooperation with other countries, and respect each other's sovereignty and  The five principles are territorial integrity, mutual non-aggression, non-interference in each other's internal affairs, equality and mutual benefit and peaceful coexistence.  " [ ] Twining, Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff, completely disagreed with Nixon's view. He retorted. "That's strange. In less than 9 years since the founding of the People's Republic of China, including this time, they have launched an attack on Outer Mongolia.  After sending troops, they launched three large-scale wars. How to explain this?  " "This is not surprising. Anyone would do this for the core interests of their country!  The Chinese want to take back the territory they have lost over the past 100 years. Their deputy foreign minister Li Dawei once explained that territory and geopolitical security are their greatest core interests.  This is why they fought desperately with us north of the 38th parallel in North Korea. They believed that we crossed the 38th parallel and endangered their geopolitical security; before they sent troops to India, Li came to the United States again and informed us why  They want to send troops to India because India has invaded their land and jeopardized their core interests. Nehru has repeatedly refused to resolve the border issue between China and India through negotiations. They believe that India has the ambition to seek regional hegemony.  It is a destabilizing factor in South Asia and will affect the security and stability of this region. This is consistent with the understanding of our South Asian ally Pakistan; this time, we put aside the identity in the ideological field and launched a lightning attack on Outer Mongolia.  , also explained through our embassy in Beijing that this time it was at the request of the provisional government of Outer Mongolia to recover their inherent territory, and they could not allow the Soviet Union to station troops in Mongolia.  Please pay attention.  What connects their series of wars is territorial and geopolitical security.  Among the wars they fought, one of the most distinctive features was the short and limited local wars.  """ Twining asked with sarcasm in his words, "Mr. Vice President, if we follow the Chinese logic you mentioned, wouldn't it mean that one day the Indians will ask for territory from us when they become stronger, and they will also want to take our territory?  What about rushing back to Europe?  " "There is no doubt that if you have the power, everyone will do it!  "Nixon also replied with some disdain: "Unless you are an idiot.  ¡± The original armed fight between Chinese and Soviet soldiers took place on the south bridge of the Hun'er'e River Bridge south of Sukhbagr City in Outer Mongolia. After more than two hours of fierce and bloody fighting, both sides had 200 soldiers.  Many officers and soldiers were injured, 4 Soviet soldiers and 1 officer were killed in the chaos, and more than 100 people were captured. China also had 2 soldiers, 1 deputy platoon leader, and a former 1st Cavalry Brigade of the Mongolian People's Liberation Army.  Soldiers sacrificed their lives for the country in this special battle, and 63 of them were captured by the Soviet army. The outcome of this primitive and unskilled battle depends entirely on the number of participants on both sides and the fighting will of the respective combatants.  . In the end, the Chinese People's Liberation Army used its numerical superiority and the tenacious fighting will of the commanders and soldiers to panic the Soviet army. The Chinese People's Liberation Army pursued the victory and drove the 50-ton "Destroyer" tank onto the Hun'er'e River.  The railway bridge pushed six Soviet T55 tanks tied together with steel wires into the Hun'er'e River below the bridge. The roadblocks on the railway bridge were cleared. The Chinese People's Liberation Army's 2nd Mechanized Infantry Division successfully passed the bridge.  Surrounded the headquarters of the Soviet 9th Mechanized Infantry Division and a tank regiment stationed at Sukhbagr. The commanders and fighters of the 2nd Mech-Rifle Division, who had the numerical advantage, were armed with various primitive weapons and drove the Soviet troops away like pigs.  The positions gradually returned to their barracks. Both sides strictly abide by the principle of not firing the first shot. The two sides faced off outside the Soviet barracks. The Soviet troops who returned to the barracks had become a turtle in a jar, and there was little difference between disarming and not disarming.  The difference. As long as the camp's water, electricity, fuel, and supplies are taken away, they will starve to death without fighting, but for the sake of the politicians, they must hold on like this."  After "friendly" negotiations, the two sides exchanged "prisoners of war". The Chinese People's Liberation Army did not disarm them, but the Soviet army was not allowed to leave the barracks. The People's Liberation Army also did not enter the Soviet army's camp. Water and electricity were not completely cut off, but they were supplied to the Soviet army at designated points.  On the third day of the siege in the military camp, both sides received orders from their superiors. The 2nd Machinery Infantry Division made way for a 100-meter-wide passage leading to Kyaktu, allowing the Soviet 9th Machinery Infantry Division 1 Division Headquarters Machinery 4  More than 10,000 people from this regiment withdrew from the Soviet Union. The 36-year history of the Soviet army stationed in Outer Mongolia came to an end. After Deng Feng saw off the former Soviet Ambassador to Mongolia Sabikassevsky, he turned around and saw Li Xi.Li Xiaohong said with a dissatisfied look on her face: "What's wrong? Are you still heartbroken about your semiconductor radio? In a few days, I will give you the latest MP3 model of 'Teng Sheng Technology 5069'." Of course Li Xiaohong is happy  Well, the code name is 5069, which is a professional company under Blue Sky Company that develops and produces semiconductors. Their products represent the world's latest scientific and technological achievements and the most novel styles, which are rare.  But he said: "That's not necessary. Chief, why do you think this old man is like this? The ambassador actually opens his mouth to ask for things." "Ambassadors are also human beings," Deng Feng said: "The Russian nation is the most enthusiastic on earth.  , the most straightforward nation. They envy China. In their minds, our country is the most magical and advanced country in the world. " "They are also the most greedy nation," Li Xiaohong said with emotion and anger: "The Soviet Union has taken over so much of us.  They owe us too much territory. They are actually the eternal enemies of our Chinese nation. " "Yes, our ancestors were immoral and incompetent, so who can be blamed? It depends on whether we can recover these historical debts.  Ours.¡± ¡°The Soviet Union owes us too much.¡±  The vast tracts of land occupied by the Soviet Union were like huge boulders weighing down Deng Feng's breath.  We arrived at the original Chinese Embassy in Outer Mongolia, which has now become the combat headquarters of the Far East Working Committee.  He looked at the huge map of the Far East hanging on the wall, with the territories occupied by Tsarist Russia and the Soviet Union marked in red, like pools of blood flowing from a dying rooster lying on the ground.  This pool of blood is marked with a serial number. Counting Mongolia, there are 15 pieces in total. The blood flow area accounts for more than one-third of the rooster.  His eyes stopped at No. 2 in the Soviet Union in the northwest of Outer Mongolia. This is the upper basin of the Yeezhe River between the Sayan Mountains and Tangnu Mountains in the north of Outer Mongolia in the heart of Asia. The distance from north to south is 420 kilometers and the distance from east to west is 630 kilometers.  .  The main river is the Yenisei River. The land along the river is fertile, with abundant water and grass, suitable for livestock farming.  The mountainous areas are densely forested and rich in precious furs such as black fox, silver fox, mink, and chinchilla.  It is extremely rich in mineral resources, with large reserves of iron, potassium, asbestos, coal and non-ferrous metals.  This is the place called Tangnu Ulianghai in modern Chinese history.  It is now an autonomous province of the Soviet Union called the "People's Republic of Tuva".  This piece of territory that was originally China's inherent territory with a total area of ??about 170,000 square kilometers, Tangnu Ulianghai, has been forgotten by China itself.  The Qing Dynasty had border guard generals in Uliasutai, an important town in western Mongolia, and had jurisdiction over some alliance flags and Tangnu Ulianghai in western Mongolia.  Since Tangnu Ulianghai is blocked from the border with Outer Mongolia by the high Hengduan Mountains, transportation is very inconvenient.  Until August 13, 1921, Outer Mongolia established the "Mongolian People's Republic" in Kulun, also known as Ulaanbaatar, with the military support of the Soviet Red Army.  The Soviet Union is also stepping up its efforts to nurture the "Tuva People's Republic", the twin brother of the "Mongolian People's Republic".  Thirty-four days after the birth of the "Mongolian People's Republic", the Siberian Revolutionary Committee of the Soviet Union convened a meeting of representatives of all Tuva banners and announced the independence of Tangnu Ulyanghai.  On December 12 of the same year, the "Tannutwa Republic" was proclaimed as a "people's country".  Its political system is the same as that of its twin brother, the Mongolian People's Republic.  The constitution of this so-called country expressly declares that the country is under the protection of Soviet Russia in terms of international relations.  Less than a month after the Tangnu Ulianghai "insurrection", the Soviet Russian government announced in the name of the People's Commissariat of Foreign Affairs: "It does not regard Tangnu Tuva as its own territory and has no ambitions for this place.  The Soviet Russian government,  We do not want to make territorial claims based on the fact that there are many Russian immigrants in the Tannu Tuva territory - this article is reproduced from the hotspot library - http://.hotsk.com/shu/26535/4168544.html -, but it must be the same as that of Tannu Tuva  The people of Tuva and their administrative bodies have concluded an agreement to protect the immigrants, that is, the Russian people living in Tunu Tuva. However, the territory of Tuva will not be threatened with force at any time."  Subsequently, according to the agreement with the Tangnu Tuva authorities, Russia established a set of institutions to implement "autonomy" for immigrants in the Tangnu Ulianghai area.  On July 22, 1925, the Soviet Union signed a "Treaty of Friendship" with the "Tangnu Tuva Republic" and the two parties established formal "diplomatic relations." The Soviet Union made no concessions to the Outer Mongolian authorities who had always intended to rule Tangnu Ulyanghai. In 1926  In August of that year, the "Tangnu Tuva Republic" and the "Mongolian People's Republic" signed a so-called friendship treaty, declaring that both parties recognized each other's independence. In this way, Tannu Tuva eliminated all possibilities of merging with Outer Mongolia, leaving only this.  The future of the isolated Chinese territory was already obvious. On November 24, 1926, the Fourth Great Hural of the Tuva Republic announced that it would be renamed the "Tuva People's Republic" and began the Sovietization process following the Soviet Union.  In 1931, the Mongolian script ceased to be used and was replaced by Cyrillic script. This cultural invasion by the Soviet Union occurred 10 years earlier than in Outer Mongolia. On June 22, 1941, the Soviet-German War broke out, thousands of miles away.  Tuva People's Republic"He could not wait to express his loyalty to the masters of the Kremlin: "The people of Tuva will stand up and participate in the struggle of the Soviet people against the fascist invaders, and will use all their strength and means to achieve the final victory."  Then, the "Tuva People's Republic" sent troops to follow the Soviet Union into the war.  During the most intense period of the war, the "Tuva People's Republic" shipped 40,000 horses, 600,000 cattle and sheep to the Soviet Union, donated a brigade of destroyers, and 5 trains of food. This was of great benefit to a country with a population of less than 200,000.  For Nu Ulianghai, it can be said that everything is ruined.  In March 1943, it sent 187 tons of meat, 73 tons of fish, 54 tons of butter, 18 tons of enema, 10,000 pairs of boots, and 5,000 fur coats to the Soviet Union.  On August 17, 1944, the overall situation of the Second World War was decided, and the "Tuva People's Republic" "requested" to join the Soviet Union.  Naturally, the Soviet Union would not refuse such a request. On October 11, the Supreme Soviet of the Soviet Union decided to accept the request of the "Tuva People's Republic".  But slaves are slaves after all. This self-proclaimed "Tuva People's Republic" did not enjoy the rights of a union republic. On October 13, it was only incorporated into the Soviet Union as an autonomous province of Russia. It was only upgraded to autonomous status by the Soviet Union in 1961.  Republic.  Perhaps even the Soviet Union themselves feel that they have taken advantage of Tangnu Ulianghai in this way, knowing that it is unjust and unreasonable. Perhaps they feel that even Poland, a major European country, can be divided up through a Soviet resolution. This small "Tuva"  "People's Republic" is not worth mentioning at all. Regardless of the reason, the Soviet Union did not issue any official statement, nor did TASS publish any relevant reports. It was as if nothing happened. Not even a treaty was signed, even if it was an unequal treaty.  Without signing it, China's Tangnu Ulianghai was unambiguously included in the territory of the Soviet Union, adding an additional 170,000 square kilometers to the Soviet Union's territory.  In his heart, Deng Feng could not condemn the traitorous behavior of the people of Tangnu Ulianghai. After all, there were only tens of thousands of people left alone outside.  What is worthy of condemnation is the Chinese government at that time. The Chinese government actually found out about this when they saw that the Tangnu Uryanghai area was listed as the 299th district in the Soviet election when the electoral district divisions were announced on October 11, 1945.  merge.  At this time, the war in Outer Mongolia was also a done deal, and the government of the Republic of China was even more beyond the reach of Tangnu Ulianghai, but as a national government, it is always appropriate to say something.  They didn't, but turned a blind eye and pretended not to see anything and not know anything.  ()
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