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Text Chapter 314 National Elite

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    [China] has its own missile nuclear submarine, and successfully launched this long-distance rocket underwater for the first time. It took the lead in completing [China]'s "Trinity" strategic nuclear strike system and shocked the world!  Nuclear submarines are a type of submarine. Nuclear submarines use nuclear reactors as their propulsion power source. They have strong underwater endurance and long self-sustainability. They can lurk in the water for a long time. They have far superior combat performance and wider activities than conventional submarines.  scope.  Zhu.COm can be equipped with ballistic missiles or aircraft missiles with nuclear warheads.  In military warfare, it has attracted much attention because of its powerful endurance.  Nuclear submarines are also the most powerful killer against aircraft carriers.  ¡¾¡¿ According to weapons and equipment, they can be divided into torpedo nuclear submarines, also known as attack nuclear submarines, and guided missile nuclear submarines, also known as strategic nuclear submarines.  [China] The "Qianlong" 101 that completed this underwater launch mission is the latter type of missile nuclear submarine.  It is equipped with a missile bay and is used to complete various missions such as anti-submarine, anti-ship and attack on land targets. It has advantages that land-based strategic weapons cannot match.  Therefore, it is called the "second nuclear strike force" by military experts.  Missile nuclear submarines are the most important strategic strike force of a nuclear-weapon country, and are also the most important symbol of measuring nuclear strike capabilities.  The world¡¯s first nuclear submarine was the USS Nautilus, which was developed and built by Hyman Rickover, an American scientist known as the ¡°father of nuclear submarines.¡±  In 1946, Rickover and a group of scientists began to study atomic energy reactors for ships, which later became the "shipboard pressurized water reactors" that were widely used on submarines.  The Nautilus nuclear submarine was manufactured in June 1952, and its first trial voyage began on January 24, 1954. The first trial demonstrated the superiority of nuclear submarines. People could not hear the rumbling noise of conventional submarines, and the operators on board were even aware of it.  It is no different from sailing on the water. It traveled 1,300 kilometers in 84 hours. This range is about 10 times more than the maximum range of any previous conventional submarine. Because of its long endurance, nuclear submarines do not need to surface and are difficult to detect.  It can avoid incoming air attacks, and even if it is discovered, the high speed of the nuclear submarine can enable it to escape pursuit. In August 1958, the "Nautilus" crossed the Arctic Ocean ice cap from under the ice and sailed from the Pacific into the Atlantic, completing a routine.  A feat unimaginable for powered submarines. Afterwards, the United States announced that it would no longer build conventionally powered submarines. Four years after the United States, the first K3 nuclear submarine also completed its submersible voyage from under the ice to the North Pole.  The historic feat of raising the Soviet flag on the ice of the North Pole. Another four years later, China also had nuclear submarines. However, at this time, the United States and the Soviet Union only had 6 nuclear submarines.  The underwater attack nuclear submarine, which has a mm torpedo launch tube and can carry 18 torpedoes, does not have the ability to attack land targets. China's "Qianlong" nuclear submarine, which is based on the later Type 094 strategic nuclear submarine, is in terms of quality and performance.  The "Qianlong" missile nuclear submarine is equipped with 12 JL.2 submarine-launched missiles. The JL2-type submarine-launched missiles all use graphite epoxy fiber shells, new high-energy NEPE propellant, and are disposable.  The most advanced international technologies such as extended nozzles. This greatly reduces the weight of the JL2 missile. Although the range of the JL2 submarine-launched ballistic missile is not as far as 12,000 kilometers in later generations, it is enough to reach more than 8,000 kilometers now.  China has its own nuclear submarine. Why did China create so many puzzling cutting-edge weapons and equipment in a short period of time? It has always been a difficult mystery for many Westerners.  This country is guaranteed and maintained by the strong determination and powerful force of the country. The base headed by Deng Feng came to this era. In order to meet the challenges that China will face in the future, it has gone through more than 100 years of modern times.  The Western imperialist powers have brought great humiliation to the Chinese nation one after another. Only by using the modern scientific and technological knowledge and equipment at their disposal can China seize the commanding heights of the electronic information industry and enable China to achieve leapfrog development.  In line with this purpose, they firmly grasped the key that science and technology are the primary productive forces. When the [Prime Minister] came to inspect the base and discussed the first five-year plan, the base party committee submitted a plan to the [Prime Minister].  The "Longteng Project Plan" has identified a high-tech field that will have a significant impact on China's future development and formulated corresponding goals: 1. In order to solve the problem of feeding China's 500 million people in agricultural technology  , we should actively research and promote new varieties of animals and plants with high yield, high quality and stress resistance, and vigorously develop the chemical fertilizer industry to promote stable and high agricultural yields.  2. In order to allow Chinese people to live a better quality life and improve the hygiene and health level of the people across the country, we will produce various vaccines and antibiotic drugs that have been developed.  3. In terms of aerospace technology, research and development of advanced artificial satellites, large launch vehicles and space-to-ground transportation systems; research on manned space stations and their applications.?Occupy the supreme point of space.  4. In terms of information technology, increase chip development, vigorously develop the computer industry, and develop intelligent computer systems that meet the needs of intelligent applications in multiple fields: research on optoelectronic devices and integration technologies that serve optical communications and optical computing.  5. In the field of laser technology, research high-performance, high-quality laser technology to drive the development of plasma, new materials, laser spectroscopy and other technical sciences, and expand the application of lasers in production.  6. In the field of nuclear technology.  Develop nuclear technology for national defense and civilian use, carry out research on advanced nuclear reactions that can significantly increase the utilization rate of nuclear fuel, and build engineering reactors.  7. In the field of new materials, provide key materials for various related fields of the national high-tech plan, new optoelectronic information materials that serve the next step of information technology, high-temperature resistant, erosion-resistant, high-toughness composite materials for power devices, and  Corrosion-resistant, lightweight structural materials and certain functional materials for aerospace technology.  In order to realize the "Longteng Project Plan", the base has also proposed a talent strategy as an organizational guarantee measure.  It is pointed out that China is a country with a large talent base because the talent base is very large. At the same time, it is a country with a small talent base because the proportion of professional talents in the workforce is too small.  Especially key talents related to the national economy and social development, such as senior professional and technical talents.  There is a serious shortage of high-tech talents and high-level management talents.  In order to catch up with the United States, we must regard the implementation of the talent strategy as the first strategy for China's development, increase the intensity of human resource development, and establish a sound scientific mechanism for the training, development, and use of talents. And it is listed in the "Dragon Project Plan"  Qian Xuesen, Hua Luogeng, Qian Weichang, Qian Sanqiang, Deng Jiaxian and a thousand other famous scientists and academic leaders in later generations have created a group of outstanding intellectuals that China urgently needs after 10 years of hard work.  Gratifying achievements have been achieved. In April 1951, when the supreme leader issued instructions to streamline and reorganize the army, he also put forward the requirement to modernize military equipment and build a strong national defense force.  And entrusted the base to draft a small plan for the entire "China" national defense modernization.  Based on this, Deng Feng and others put forward their own opinions on the development of [China] affairs and drafted a "Confidential Report on the Development of [China] Affairs" to review China's national defense system, national defense construction, national defense mobilization and national defense. Education, defense expenditures, defense industry construction, military legal construction, military training, logistics construction, political and ideological construction, armed equipment construction and other aspects were comprehensively discussed. This report became the guide for China's national defense construction during this period. The programmatic document guides China's armed forces to move towards grass-roots, modernization and informatization. In October 1951, it was commissioned by the Central Military Commission, and the base was organized by Liu Jun and others. , in accordance with the guidelines for the construction of Wuxi equipment in the "Secret Report on National Affairs of China", with reference to the equipment standards of the People's Liberation Army of later generations, and in combination with the industrial base and manufacturing capabilities at that time, the "my country's National Defense Construction and Development Outline" was compiled ¡·"Together with the actual samples of active equipment stored in the base, the drawings, manufacturing and assembly processes and related data of some later equipment" were handed over to the aviation, shipbuilding, weapons and other industrial departments, and a large number of technical personnel were sent to participate in the organization design and Production. They made full use of the military scientific research achievements of later generations at home and abroad, strengthened exchanges with engineering and technical personnel of various military industry departments, and promoted the rapid transformation of future generations of scientific and technological achievements in this era. Together with the cadres and workers of the vast number of military industry enterprises, they overcame the difficulties. Amid many difficulties, we must simultaneously build and produce, equip the troops, and train users and maintenance personnel for the troops as soon as possible to transform the military achievements of future generations into the production of advanced military products for the Chinese People's Liberation Army in this era. It has greatly promoted the continuous improvement and improvement of China's industrial system, greatly promoted the transformation of military industry technology into civilian applications, and formed a virtuous cycle of mutual promotion between the military and civilians. In the Second Five-Year National Defense Construction and Development Outline. Pointed out; ¡°The world is advancing by leaps and bounds, and science is changing rapidly and vigorously.  We can only continue to strive for self-improvement, continue to innovate, and catch up with the United States and the Soviet Union at an extraordinary speed. We must have what the United States and the Soviet Union have, and we must have what the United States and the Soviet Union do not have.  Only in this way can we maintain our strategic deterrence.  We must not be complacent because of a single achievement, nor can we be complacent because of a single glimpse.  In short, we cannot rest on our laurels and stand still just because we now have some "ultra-modern strategic weapons" in our hands. In the second five-year plan, we must complete the manufacturing tasks of China's missile attack nuclear submarines and nuclear-powered aircraft carriers, and realize the "Trinity"  "The nuclear strike system is what we need to protect our vast land and vast seas.  In May 1952, a large group of Chinese intellectual elites represented by Qian Xuesen came to the base. Together with the base's masters and doctors from later generations, they established the Fifth Research Institute of the Ministry of National Defense, using the superpowers here at the base.  The advantages of the era's advanced technology, equipment, information and talents have enabled Fengguo's strategic strike force to develop by leaps and bounds at rocket speed.  Qian Xuesen personally chaired and participated in the Fifth Research Institute of the Ministry of National Defense.?It is used for rocket engines of ballistic missiles and high-mobility missiles, including surface-to-air, air-to-air, surface-to-ship, ship-to-ship and other missiles, and is mainly used in the research and development and imitation of long-range cruise missile turbine engines.  Research and development work on the first communications satellite.  Next, he immediately organized and started research on the application of ramjet engines on missiles.  The remote strike capability of the Chinese country covers the world to gradually move from dreams to reality.  Strategic missile nuclear submarines are the iconic equipment of nuclear powers and an important part of the nuclear triad. They are also the nuclear equipment with the strongest survivability when the other party launches a strategic strike.  The submarine-launched intercontinental missile it carries is responsible for the secondary nuclear strike mission, and its deterrence capability is stronger than land-based and air-based nuclear weapons.  Qian Xuesen is devoted to "rejuvenating the country through science and technology." His greatest satisfaction is to launch the world's most advanced rockets to increase national strength, enhance national prestige, and bring glory to the nation.  Therefore, when he participated in the discussion of "my country's Second Five-Year National Defense Development Program", he firmly agreed with Deng Feng, Liu Jun and others' proposal to once again improve China's strategic strike capabilities and realize the underwater launch of nuclear submarine launch vehicles. Concentrate on building the motherland's maritime "Great Wall" to realize China's "Trinity" strategic nuclear strike system.  The construction of missile nuclear submarines and the realization of underwater launch of missile nuclear submarines is one of the major national defense science and technology research projects in the "my country's Second Five-Year National Defense Development Program" personally approved by the Supreme Leader. Qian Xuesen keeps the Supreme Leader's trust in mind, and he never dares to neglect it. .  Qian Xuesen played an irreplaceable key role in successfully realizing the underwater rocket launch of China's missile nuclear submarine. He told several researchers who came to the base: "It is risky to conduct scientific experiments using methods that go beyond conventional methods.  , but it is not advisable to completely copy foreign practices. We should use our brains, boldly break through, find a way suitable for our country¡¯s national conditions, and find a [Chinese] method.¡± Under the guidance of Qian Xuesen, we created.  It has the unique characteristics of our country. Instead of adopting the method used in history when the United States, the Soviet Union and other Western countries developed missile nuclear submarines, they often had to go through a multi-level experimental ladder before entering the nuclear submarine for underwater launch. Instead, they used repeated simulations on large computers.  , it has surpassed the single-stage rocket launch stage and the land base launch stage, and adopted the three-step test stage of "one platform, one tube and one boat" for submarine underwater launch test after passing the assessment of land launch pad and launch tube.  China has embarked on its own path of developing missile nuclear submarines.  !  ~!
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