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Volume 1: Fierce Battle in Changsha Chapter 185: Township Officials and Militia Group

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    Seeing Xiao Yungui's distressed look, Hong Yun'er smiled slightly and said, "I have sorted out some ideas in Wuxi these days and will discuss them with you to see which one is more suitable. My idea is to occupy Su  After the Southern Jiangsu, we cannot implement the utopian egalitarianism of the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom. I think that after the Southern Jiangsu is pacified, the wealthy businessmen and landlords will be treated differently, not to mention the corrupt officials, as well as those who collude with the government, prey on the people, and have money in their hands.  We resolutely suppressed the wealthy merchants and landlords who owed their lives to the common people and confiscated their property and land. In addition, many wealthy merchants and landlords fled before the war. There will definitely be a lot of ownerless land in southern Jiangsu. We should confiscate all the ownerless land.  Returning it to the state and announcing that it can be rented out to landless peasants for farming, as did later generations, is how the first type of people dealt with it."

    Xiao Yungui nodded and said: "The type of people you are talking about should be corrupt officials and local tyrants and evil gentry who are full of evildoers. They are all very angry among the people. If they are tried and executed directly in front of the people, the people will definitely support them."

    Hong Yun'er continued: "The second type of people are those landlords and wealthy households who have no sins and have never beaten the common people. Instead, they are oppressed by the government. We should retain and protect their private property and win over these people.  We will not turn to the Manchus, and at the same time eliminate the excessive taxes and miscellaneous taxes left by the Manchus, and let these wealthy landlords take the initiative to reduce rents and interest rates."

    Xiao Yungui frowned and said, "Haven't officials and businessmen colluded together since ancient times? Will the government still make things difficult for rich people?"

    Hong Yun'er smiled and said: "In fact, under the rule of the Manchu Qing Dynasty, many wealthy landlords are also targets of the government. Have you forgotten about Wei Changhui, the Northern King? He was born a landlord and pawnbroker, and he is a typical wealthy man.  However, because the Wei people have little fame and no fame, they are rich but have no power, so they are constantly being blackmailed by powerful landlords and the government. Wei Changhui's father, Wei Yuanjie, feels that his family has no fame and talents. Although he is rich, he is often bullied, and he wants to cultivate Wei Changhui.  Study, gain fame, and help the Wei family. When Wei Changhui grew up, he took the exam in Guiping County, but failed. Wei Changhui's failure in the examination room made him full of regrets. In addition to criticizing the government, Wei Changhui had no choice but to spend money to  His father donated an Imperial College student and hung a plaque in front of his house with the title of Chengjun Jinshi to show off to the village. Later, the village reported it, and the landlord Lan Rujian colluded with the county officials to shovel out the word "Chengjun" at night.  . The next day, Wang Ji, the patrol inspector of Huangjiang River, arrested Wei Yuanjie for pretending to be a Jinshi, and took Wei Yuanjie to the Youth League Bureau of Qinwei. As a result, he was extorted and fined several hundred taels of silver, and the matter was settled. Kingdom of Heaven  In. There are also people like Hu Yihuang who joined us because they were wealthy landowners who were raped by the government. This shows that there are many rich landlords like Bei Wang and Hu Yihuang who were raped by the government. These people should not  They are the targets of our suppression rather than the targets of our co-optation. And many times, under layers of exploitation by the government, these landlords and wealthy households have no choice but to turn around and put the taxes imposed by the government on the people. I think as long as our Taiping Heavenly Kingdom officials govern  Qingming Festival. Without layer upon layer of exploitation, we can do this by allowing landlords and wealthy households to reduce rents and interest rates."

    Xiao Yungui touched his chin and said, "Why does this rent reduction and interest rate reduction sound so familiar?"

    Hong Yun'er said with a smile: "I also copied this method from the experience of the red base areas in later generations. At that time, the party allowed landlords to lease land in areas where land reform had not been implemented. But in principle, the original rent before the war must be reduced by 2%.  15. The loan relationship before the war is recognized, but the annual interest shall generally not exceed one and a half cents. If the debtor pays more than double the original interest, the principal and interest shall be suspended. If the debtor pays more than twice the original interest, the principal and interest shall be suspended.  , the original lending relationship is regarded as eliminated. The advantage of this approach is that it is gentler than the policy of confiscating landlords' land. By reducing rent and interest, the lives of poor farmers can be improved, and private property in land is not fundamentally eliminated. The farmers are happy, and the landlords,  Rich households can also accept it.¡±

    Xiao Yungui frowned and said: "But there will be a lot of resistance to this. If it were me, I would definitely pursue the highest rent. I would use methods such as self-cultivation, selling, and dividing the land to break it into pieces.  The farmers will have no land to rent for planting, or the rent will be increased, so as to achieve the goal of reducing interest rates but not reducing them. As for the interest rate reduction, I will stop lending. It will be very difficult for those landlords to deal with it in this way."

    Hong Yun'er gave a thumbs up and said: "As expected of the son of a nouveau riche, you have been a capitalist for a few days before, and you are really full of bad ideas. You discovered the loophole so quickly. Historically, both the Kuomintang and the Communist Party have adopted rent and interest reductions.  policy, but it has been successful in the red base areas, while it has had little effect in the state-occupied areas. The reason is, as you said, that many landowners still put their own interests first and have come up with various ways to deal with it. The reason why the red base areas  The main reason for its success is that the Red Base Area has always focused on the construction of rural basic political power, and there are working groups and armed workers teams in every township and village. I think that since we want to develop southern Jiangsu, we cannot only develop cities, but also develop rural areas.  To establish local political power, we also need to form militia-like teams in the countryside, supplemented by the township official system that our Taiping Heavenly Kingdom later implemented. I think these problems can be solved."Speaking of the rural official system, Xiao Yungui knew something about it. In the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom's land system, it was stipulated that there was a military system for organizing the people: whenever an army was established, every 13,156 households would first have a military commander.  .  Next, there was a fifth division commander under the command of the military commander.  This time, there were five brigade commanders under the command of the division commander, making a total of twenty-five brigade commanders.  There are then twenty-five brigade commanders, each commanding five pawn commanders, for a total of one hundred and twenty-five pawn commanders.  Next, there were 125 pawn commanders, each commanding four or two Sima, for a total of five hundred Sima.  There will be five corps commanders assigned to each of the 500 Sima commanders, for a total of 2,500 corps commanders.  Next, there were 2,500 corps commanders, each commanding four corps of soldiers, for a total of 10,000 corps of soldiers.  The total number of Tongyi troops was 13,156.  After setting up an army, when more families are added, five more families are added, and an additional corps commander is appointed.  Twenty-six more families were added, and one or two Sima were added.  One hundred and five more families were added, and another pawn leader was established.  Five hundred and twenty-six more families were added, and another brigade commander was established.  Two thousand six hundred and thirty families were added, and another division commander was established.  A total of 13,156 more families were added, and an additional military commander was appointed.  The total number of the first army is 656, from the military commander to the two commanders. Excluding the 656 officials from the 13,156 families, the total number of corps commanders and corps soldiers is 12,500.  One hundred families is the number of families under the jurisdiction of an army.

    Therefore, the two commanders have jurisdiction over twenty-five families, the soldier commander has jurisdiction over one hundred families, the brigade commander has jurisdiction over 500 families, the division commander has jurisdiction over 2,500 families, and the military commander has jurisdiction over 12,500 families.  The system came from the provisions of the land system in China.  Township officials at all levels are elected by the people and are local people. They are people loved by the people, and they are local people and know all the conditions in their hometown.  This system is described in "The Compilation of Thieves' Love" as follows: The livelihood of the indigenous people is difficult to hide, and they must coerce the fleeing people and have to inspect them.  The people in the thief's prison contact the area, and there is no one who can do anything here.  The enemy's curses can reflect the great effect of the rural official system in consolidating revolutionary power.

    "But the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom still used the old method of selecting rural officials in the township elections. It did not know how to use the direct election method and the indirect election method, and it was far from being comparable to the minzhu elections of later generations.  However, although the method of public selection of rural officials in the Taitian Kingdom is still the same as that of ancient rural elections, the essence has undergone major changes.  In ancient China, the objects of selection in rural elections were the wealthy landlord class, while the power of the Taiping Rebellion to elect rural officials was in the hands of the peasant class, and revolutionary peasants were selected to suppress the landlord class.  The township official system also had the effect of attacking the landlord class.

    Because the peasants who were once trampled underground by the landlord class have now taken charge and become township officials, the landlord class elements have to bow to them, which has brought down the prestige of the landlord class.  From this point of view, the township official system of the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom guaranteed the rights and interests of farmers to a certain extent, and accordingly attacked landlords. It is unimaginable for farmers who have gained power to support the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom. For example, after the Tianjing Incident  , the Qing army mobilized a large force to attack the Taiping Army. At this time, the Taiping Army's internal fighting had just subsided and its troops were seriously insufficient. At this critical moment, hundreds of thousands of Anhui people joined the Taiping Army, which repelled the Qing army's further offensive and ensured that  Influenced the later battles of Chen Yucheng and Li Xiucheng.

    Xiao Yungui frowned and said, "Yun'er, is it too early for us to implement this system now?"

    Hong Yun'er shook her head and said: "Whether the new system is suitable or not, the key depends on what kind of guidance the government uses. Mr. Sun Yat-sen talked about military government, political training, and constitutional government. Among them, I think political training is the most important, so that the people can  Only with a spontaneous consciousness of minzhu can we promote minzhu, and this process will indeed have many difficulties, but the difficulties are not a reason not to do it. I do not want to implement a comprehensive Western minzhuization in China, and that is not suitable for us. I just  We want to break the old pattern, completely dismantle the ruling foundation of the government and local tyrants and evil gentry, and let the people realize that supporting us can get greater rights. At the same time, we will form our own militia in every village and township. Why can the Manchu Qing Dynasty in every village?  The townships call on the landlords and wealthy households to set up militias to deal with us, so we can't form our own militia in each village and township to deal with them? I believe that as long as we implement the township official system and the militia system in each village in southern Jiangsu, we can control the entire Jiangsu  Nan has become a base area where all the people are armed. Let alone the Manchu Qing Dynasty, even the troops of the great powers will not be able to come in. With the institutional guarantee of township officials and militia, rent and interest reductions will reduce the risk of landlords and wealthy households playing tricks.  Once verified, the laws of our heaven will not let them go."

    Xiao Yungui nodded and said, "Even if you think carefully, do you still have a way to deal with the third type of people?"

    Hong Yun'er smiled and said: "Of course, the third method is actually very simple, which is to vigorously develop industry and commerce, allowing landlords to convert capital on their own, invest in building factories and engage in business, turning them into capitalists, thus giving up large tracts of cultivated land.  Come to the city to invest and build factories!¡± (To be continued.)
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