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Volume 1: Fierce Battle in Changsha Chapter 401: Chain Reaction

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    In mid-November of the Yi Mao year, the Tiandihui Uprising broke out in Guangdong.  Dongguan Tiandihui leader He Liu and others led an uprising in Shilong Town, Dongguan County. They began to attack the county on the 17th, which opened the prelude to the Tiandihui uprising near the Guangdong provincial capital.  The uprising team soon grew to more than 30,000 people and owned more than 600 ships.  On the 19th, Chen Kai, the chief rudder of Foshan Tiandihui, launched an uprising at Fengning Temple in Shiwan, Foshan, and immediately began to attack Foshan Town in Nanhai County.  Then, Li Wenmao, Gan Xian, Zhou Chun and others gathered in Fuling City in the northern suburbs of Guangzhou, Chen Xianliang and others in Yantang in the east of the city, and Lin Yulong and others gathered people to revolt on the south bank of the provincial river (Pearl River). Guan Ju and He Bowen also led the Pearl River boatmen to revolt.  And respond.

    The rebels shaved their hair and changed into uniforms, wrapped their heads in red scarves or tied their waists with red belts, branded themselves Taiping Heavenly flags, and called themselves West Palace soldiers.  After the Opium War, the Manchu Qing ceded territory to foreign countries to pay compensation, lost power and humiliated the country, and intensified internal oppression, preying on the people, and the social crisis became more serious.  Guangdong bore the brunt of the Opium War and suffered the most. It also shared the heaviest share of war reparations after the war. Therefore, the Manchu Qing's exploitation and oppression of the people was even more cruel.  With the Taiping Rebellion and the fall of the southern half of the Yangtze River, Guangdong, as the only province with a surplus of money and food, naturally became more exploited.  As the Manchu oppression deepened, more and more poor farmers, unemployed craftsmen, small traders, boat people, unemployed vagrants, etc. joined the Tiandihui organization and embarked on the road of anti-Qing struggle.  Therefore, after the Tiandihui uprising in Foshan, Guangdong and other places, Tiandihui uprisings began to spring up like mushrooms after a rain in Guangdong Province.

    Within two months, Chen Kai, He Jiu, Li Wenmao and other rebels captured more than 40 prefectures, prefectures, and counties, and formed several central areas.  In the areas near Guangzhou, in addition to Chen Kai, Li Wenmao, etc., there were also Chen Jingang, Lian Sihu, Hou Chendai, Lin Danian, Chen Ji, Liang Ji, Liu Guanxiu, Chen Songnian, Lu Cuijin, Feng Kun, etc. who led the Hua  The Tiandihui uprising in Xian County, Sanshui, Qingyuan, Shunde, Longmen, Xinhui, Heshan and other counties.

    In the Zhaoqing area in the west, Chen Rong, Wu Baiji and others led an uprising. Shui Yong responded and captured Zhaoqing Fucheng (today's Zhaoqing City) in one fell swoop.  In the Shaozhou area in the north, an uprising was first launched by Chen Yihe of Yingde County and Ge Yaoming of Lechang County, and later together with other rebels.  Besieged Shaozhou Fucheng (today's Shaoguan City) three times.  In the Chaozhou and Huizhou areas in the east, the rebel army led by Chen Niangkang, Zheng Youchun, Wu Zhongshu, Zhai Huogu, etc. was active in Huilai, Chaoyang, Chenghai, Puning, Jieyang, Guishan (today's Huiyang), Boluo and other places  .  In addition, there were uprisings of varying sizes in counties under Jiaying Prefecture, Gaozhou and Lianzhou prefectures.  The rebel armies in various places ranged from tens of thousands of people in large groups to thousands or hundreds in small groups.

    Facing the overwhelming wave of uprisings by the Tiandihui rebels, the Qing army was surprisingly calm and calm.  The Qing army near Guangzhou after the uprising.  The surrounding towns were quickly abandoned, and most of the troops retreated to the provincial capital of Guangzhou. The remaining Hunan soldiers and Guangdong local regiment training troops were stationed at key roads outside Guangzhou to guard.

    The intention of the Qing army was to attract several larger groups of rebels from around Guangzhou to attack Guangzhou, and rely on Guangzhou's solid defense to consume the rebels, while the peripheral troops cut off the connection between Guangzhou and other prefectures and counties, and block the arrival of rebels from other parts of Guangdong.  Meet in Guangzhou.  As long as the connections between the rebels can be cut off.  By preventing the rebels from forming a joint operation, the Hunan soldiers and local regiments would have the opportunity to defeat them one by one, and finally turn around to deal with the large rebel forces in the outer city of Guangzhou.

    This strategy was suggested to Ye Mingchen by Ronglu in the name of the admiral of the guest army Xiangyong. Since Ronglu led eight thousand Xiangyong into Guangdong, he has gradually seen that the contradiction between the government and the people in Guangdong has reached an irreconcilable point.  At the same time, the influence of the Tiandihui in Guangdong is intricately entangled, and it is not as simple as the Shanghai Knife Club back then.  So Ronglu changed his strategy.  He first led the Hunan soldiers to clean up local regiment training in various places, unified the training of local regiments loyal to the Manchus, and eliminated the Tiandi Hui gang members in the regiment training. Then he led the Hunan soldiers and regiment training troops to garrison various key roads, and the entire Guangdong  The prefectures and counties were separated from the provincial capital of Guangzhou, with the purpose of dividing the rebel armies in various parts of Guangdong, and after the rebels rose up, they could be encircled and suppressed in separate groups.

    Sure enough, after rebels everywhere started to take action.  However, they found that they could not move closer to the provincial capital of Guangzhou. At the same time, with the cooperation of Xiang Yong, the regiments from various places began to counterattack crazily.  Due to the lack of unified leadership and lack of combat experience, most of them were defeated one by one by the Qing army and the regiments organized by the landlords and gentry in a short time.

    In the first month of the Bingchen year (1856), except for Chen Kai, Li Wenmao and other rebels who were still besieging Guangzhou, most of the remaining rebels in Guangdong were wiped out.  Only Zhai Huogu, Ge Yaoming and other troops moved to Jiangxi, Fujian and other places to join the Taiping Army.  Some, such as Chen Jingang's tribe, moved to the border areas of Hunan, Guangdong and Guangxi, while others were forced to move to Guangxi to join Zhu Hongying and He Goujian.

    Although the land route to Guangzhou City was besieged, Guan Ju and He Bowen's boat troops in the rebel army also blocked the inland river in the Pearl River.  But they were never able to close Guangzhou¡¯s waterways.  The Qing army was able to obtain supplies from the sea, and at the same time, the great powers also began to sell guns, ammunition, money and food to the Qing army.

    General Administration of Guangdong and Guangxi??Ye Mingchen, Guangdong Governor Bai Gui and others personally led troops to guard Guangzhou. There were more than 4,000 Green Camp soldiers in Guangzhou City, together with more than 1,300 Eight Banners soldiers in the city, to defend the forts and water and land passes.  The gentry and landlords from all over the country were ordered to quickly form a team training, and by means of "preferential rations", "double wages" and other methods, they successively recruited more than 27,000 rural warriors from the provincial capital, Xiangshan, Xin'an, Dongguan, Xinhui, Chaozhou and other places.  Name, add hundreds of river warships, hire 16,000 water warriors and artillery warriors, and cooperate with the Eight Banners and the Green Camp to fight.

    He also petitioned the Qing government to quickly mobilize troops from Fujian, Hunan and other provinces to Guangdong to suppress them, and at the same time formed a "pay bureau" headed by the comprador Wu Chongyao. Later, he shamelessly begged the British Hong Kong authorities to send troops for rescue. Although they were rejected,  The great powers began to sell weapons and food to the Manchu and Qing officials in Guangzhou.

    As early as when Ronglu entered Guangdong, he had discussions with Ye Mingchen, Bai Gui, Guangzhou General Muten, right-wing deputy commander Tuo Endong'e, etc., and made specific strategies for the defense of Guangzhou.  After the rebel army began to besiege Guangzhou, Ye Mingchen and others quickly acted according to the strategy decided at that time. Staff General Wei Zuobang led his Green Battalion to be stationed on the East Road and defended the Baoli Fortress; Chiefs Huang Darong and Xiong Yingrong led the Green Battalion and some regiments to station in Xiaobei.  There are important passes outside the gate; guerrillas Zeng Tingxiang and General Jishan led the green battalion and some regiments to garrison at key places in the north of the city; guerrilla Chen Dingbang led some green battalions and Paoyong to guard the Qiding, Gongji, Baoji and other forts; assisted Laicun and Wang Zhenxiong.  He led the Eight Banners such as Ge Bong'e and others to guard Yongkang Fort outside the north gate; guerrilla Chen Guohui and Navy Commander Wang Xian and others led the Green Battalion Anti-Regiment Training Department to garrison Xishan Temple, Nicheng and other places in the west of the city; assistant leaders Tuo Yunquan and Tai  Cheng'en, Guoyin and others led the Eight Banners and some regiments to defend the old city; deputy general Waitabu led the Guangzhou Xielvying to defend the new city.  Ye Mingchen and others climbed to the fifth floor of Yuexiu Mountain (Zhenhai Tower) every day to personally conduct the command.  Among the above strategies, the north of the city is the focus, followed by the east and west of the city. At the same time, the defense of the forts is strengthened to ensure the smooth flow of the river from Guangzhou to the outer sea.

    Ye Mingchen and Ronglu agreed that the Qing army in Guangzhou would hold on until the peripheral troops led by Ronglu wiped out the rebels in other places, and then returned to Guangzhou. The two armies jointly wiped out Chen Kai, Li Wenmao and other rebels under the city walls of Guangzhou.

    News that the great powers sold weapons and food to the Qing army in Guangdong spread back to Shanghai immediately.  The Western King Xiao Yungui, who was still fighting diplomatic wars with the great powers, was not surprised that the great powers were demonstrating to themselves and exerting pressure in this way.

    After the Crimean War, the Taiping Northern Corps, a mercenary force, refused to withdraw from Temple Street and Sakhalin on the grounds that the war was over and the employment relationship had ended.  This made the British and French ministers very angry, but the Taiping Army had a legal advantage. The first was that the employment contract did include the end of the war.  The employment relationship will end immediately, and it is stipulated that during negotiations between the warring parties, the employing party will not bear any combat responsibilities as a combat force for the coalition forces.  In other words, after the war, the Taiping Army was no longer under the command of General Grant, the commander-in-chief of the Allied Forces.  The second is that Temple Street and Sakhalin Island were still Manchu territories at the time. As rebels, the Taiping Army occupied its own territory and had no reason to suffer in the face of Britain and France, which remained diplomatically neutral.  Even the Russian minister did not confidently ask the Taiping Army to withdraw from these two places. The reason is that the legal treaty between the Manchu Qing Dynasty and Russia dates back to the "Treaty of Nerchinsk" during the Kangxi period. The treaty clearly specified Temple Street and Sakhalin Island.  Still Chinese.

    The West Palace Taiping Army, which had the upper hand both legally and militarily, naturally had the upper hand. At the same time, before the freezing period of the Tartar Strait, the Taiping Army's merchant supply fleet sent enough supplies for more than three troops to the troops there.  Months of supplies, and maritime trade routes were established in Sakhalin, Hakodate, Nagasaki, Shanghai and other places, and the money earned back and forth was enough to pay for the supplies of the northern troops.  After solving the supply problem.  The Taiping Army did not want to retreat from Temple Street and Sakhalin even more.

    The Taiping Army's appearance in the Northeast had a direct chain reaction. Xianfeng suspended the dispatch of Heilongjiang cavalry from the Northeast to the south. Instead, he transferred part of the Chahar Cavalry and Mongolian cavalry to the Northeast for defense. He was also afraid that the Taiping Army would copy him and the Manchus.  The back road of Longxing Land.

    The result was that a large number of Qing troops poured into the Northeast, and the Russians in the Northeast began to panic. They secretly established supply points, outposts, and temporary docks along the Heilongjiang River and began to appear in front of the Manchu troops.  Heilongjiang General Yige had previously reported that the Rakshasa Kingdom often transported troops eastward through Heilongjiang. At that time, the Manchu Qing court was busy dealing with the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom.  There was no time to investigate carefully. With the emergence of long hair in the Northeast, the Qing army in the Northeast did not dare to sleep.  When they woke up, they discovered that the Rakshasa people had actually built so many towns, military stations, outposts, docks, etc. on the land north of Heilongjiang.

    Yi Ge also saw the seriousness of the matter. Not only could Changmao threaten the northeastern part of the Qing Dynasty, but even Lao Maozi began to pay attention to this area.  Instead of the Rakshasa people just using Heilongjiang to cross the border, as the court thought before.

    So the Qing army in the northeast moved into action, Yi Ge was removed from his post, and another important clan minister, Yi Shan, took over as the general of Heilongjiang.  In the Northeast, the Manchus, the Russians, and the Taiping ArmyA strange confrontation scene occurred.

    The Taiping Army will not withdraw from Temple Street and Sakhalin Island.  The negotiations between Britain, France and Russia in the Far East were actually more difficult than the Paris Peace Conference.  Russian Minister Tuzhkov insisted that Temple Street and Sakhalin Island were captured by the British and French forces and should be returned to Russia.  The British and French ministers were in trouble and could not tell. In fact, all three parties knew the reason, but the Russian minister insisted on this and demanded that Britain and France make concessions on the Far East treaty.  Therefore, under this situation, Britain and France began to support the Manchu Qing in Guangzhou, which was to put pressure on the Western King.

    The King of the West ignored this pressure for the time being. He is now trying his best to deal with the King of the East
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