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Volume 2 Beijing Story Chapter 216 Kolchak and the Czech Army

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    Alexander Vasilyevich Kolchak (§¡§Ýekcah§Õp.§£acnn§Ýne§Ón§é.ko§Ý§éak) was born in 1874, admiral of Tsarist Russia.  He fought against Japan in the Russo-Japanese War of 1905.  During the European War, he repeatedly made military exploits in the Baltic Fleet, and the German Navy was badly beaten by him.

    Among the many incompetent Tsarist Russian generals under the Tsar's command after the start of the European War, Admiral Kolchak was an alternative element. This guy was extremely capable of commanding. He once led his team to attack the German Marines head-on under the city of Riga. Soon,  He was later promoted to rear admiral.

    Kolchak was good at laying mines. His ships often went deep into enemy waters to lay mines far behind enemy waters. He once sank dozens of German warships in a row.  In 1916, Kolchak was promoted to vice admiral and appointed commander of the Black Sea Fleet.  He also had outstanding military exploits in the Black Sea. He sank many German warships in Constantinople and firmly held control of the Black Sea in the hands of the Russian army.

    When the revolution broke out last February and the Tsar was overthrown, Kolchak was the first admiral to choose to support the Provisional Government. Later, as the Bolsheviks grew stronger in the sailors and fleets, the commander of the Black Sea Fleet was dismissed and arranged  Going to the United States to inspect military affairs is actually an honorable exile.

    After the October Revolution, the former Arctic explorer and former admiral could no longer hold back. He believed that he was the heir to the provisional government, so he returned to the country via Japan and returned to Ufa in the Urals. At this time, because of the 1918  After the overthrow of the Constituent Assembly and the bloodshed of January, the break between the Socialist Revolutionaries, the Mensheviks and the Bolsheviks, and some members of the original provisional government, the Siberian Autonomous Provisional Government was established in Ufa in the Urals in mid-January 1918.

    Kolchak became the widely expected military leader of the Siberian Provisional Government and served as Minister of Military Affairs. In this capacity, Kolchak issued a call to the former Tsarist Russian troops and generals throughout Siberia, including the Far East, asking them to defend the honor of the Russian people.  , unite under the banner of the Siberian Autonomous Provisional Government, overthrow the tyranny of the new Soviet Russian regime, and restore social order in Russia!

    Colonel Petrovich, the commander of the Cossack Cavalry Regiment stationed in Ulan-Ude, and his chief of staff, Colonel Sergei, planned to defect to the Provisional Government and Kolchak in Ufa.

    Speaking of the emergence of the butterfly Wang Geng, the formation of China¡¯s model army for participating in the war and China¡¯s subsequent recovery of Outer Mongolia and the Middle East, especially the failure of the final peace between Soviet Russia and Germany, the changes in the entire world completely deviated from the original trajectory.

    In Wang Geng's previous life, the Allied Powers originally intervened in Russia's domestic situation. The key role was played by a Czech Legion in Soviet Russia. The Allied Powers jointly sent troops to intervene in Russia on the pretext of the Czech Legion's rebellion in Soviet Russia. However, after Wang Geng appeared,  Now, the role and importance played by the Czech Legion are very different from those in previous lives.

    The members of this 50,000-strong Czech Army in Russia were composed of Czechs who were prisoners of war from the Austro-Hungarian Empire captured by the Russian army on the Eastern Front of the European War. In 1918, there was no Czech country, and both the Czech Republic and Hungary belonged to the huge  The Austro-Hungarian Empire was composed of Austria and Hungary, which were excluded after Prussia established the German Empire. The Czech Republic was now part of the Austro-Hungarian Empire.

    The Czech nation is considered a very unique nation in Europe. In Wang Geng's previous life, the ZB26 light machine gun that was the most popular in all Chinese war films and TV dramas was the masterpiece of the Czech Republic in the future. Of course, this nation has not yet had its first victory in World War I.  , so seeking to get rid of the rule of the Austro-Hungarian Empire and establish a independent country is their unremitting pursuit.

    The territory of Tsarist Russia was so vast that in the European part of Tsarist Russia at that time, it was quite common for foreigners such as Finland, Germany, Austria, Romania, and the Czech Republic to serve as soldiers in the Tsarist Russian army.  Among the prisoners of war captured in the war, 50,000 Czech prisoners of war volunteered to join the Allied Powers in order to win the Czech independence after the war.

    This Czech Legion was organized in the Tsarist Russian army and was considered an elite division. However, as soon as the revolution broke out in February last year and the Tsar was overthrown, things changed. The issue of the Czech Legion's stay in Russia came to the fore.  According to the consensus reached by France and the Czechoslovak National Council, the Czech Army will withdraw from the Eastern Front of Russia and return to the Western Front to continue fighting for the Allied Powers.

    It was obviously impossible to go directly back to the Western Front through the German-Austrian Front. At this time, there were no Arctic Ocean routes. As a result, the Allied Powers and the Soviet Provisional Government negotiated and the result was that the Czech Army would go all the way east, take the train and take the Trans-Siberian Railway to the overthrow.  Take a boat from Radiostock (Vladivostok), then take the Pacific route, the Atlantic route, and then return to the French battlefield on the Western Front of Europe to participate in the war.

    The problem was that the October Revolution overthrew the provisional government, and the move of the Czech Army to the east was repeatedly delayed. When the Constituent Assembly was overthrown again in January 1918, the Czech Army was still stranded west of Kazan.  At that time, the Soviet Russian government asked the Czech Army to continue to move eastward and retreat.Yes, but you must lay down your arms and leave Russia as a civilian!

    A regiment of only 50,000 people could play a very limited role even on the Western Front in France. However, in the eastern region of Russia in early 1918, the role that this legion could play was quite considerable. Tsarist Russia had several million troops.  The Soviet Union no longer existed. When the Central Committee of Soviet Russia announced its withdrawal, it also demobilized the Tsarist Russian army on a large scale and absorbed the Bolsheviks among them to join the newly formed Soviet Red Army.

    Throughout Siberia and the Far East, the military forces loyal to Soviet Russia were quite limited. In places like Vladivostok and Khabarovsky, the local garrison was always swinging between supporting the bourgeois provisional government of the Socialist Revolutionary Party or the new red regime of Soviet Russia.  The Bolsheviks' hold on the army was tenuous but by no means secure.

    This is also the reason why the Russian army will resolutely resist the Japanese landing operation in Vladivostok (Vladivostok). This is also the first reaction of the Cossacks in Ulan-Ude when they face the sudden appearance of the Chinese Army.  is the reason for a resolute counterattack, but with the establishment of the Siberian Provisional Self-Government in Ufa, in the vast Siberia and Far East regions east of the Ural Mountains, the vast majority of Russian generals will choose to join the White Guards of the provisional government.

    Of course, the Bolsheviks in Soviet Russia will organize guerrillas, and there will be a coexistence of the Allied intervention forces, Soviet guerrillas, and the White Guards of the Provisional Government on this land for a long time.

    The reason why Britain, France, the United States and other Allied Powers reached an agreement with China and Japan that China and Japan will send troops to control the situation east of Lake Baikal is because the area west of Lake Baikal, up to the Ural Mountains, to Kazan, and to Ufa, will be occupied by the Czech Legion.  The main force to intervene in Russia.

    According to the earlier agreement between France and the Czechoslovak National Council, the Czech Legion stranded in Soviet Russia has become part of the French Army since December 1917 and has become a French Army Corps. According to Czechoslovakia  The agreement signed in Penza in early 1918 between the National Council, the Allied Powers, and the Soviet government allowed the Czech Legion to cross Siberia "in a civilian capacity rather than as a combat unit."

    The Czech Legion will eventually board the ship in Vladivostok and return to Europe via the Panama Canal.  However, after the bloody incident in January, in the face of rebellions and uprisings caused by the Socialist Revolutionaries, Mensheviks, Royalists, and Constituent Assembly factions in various places, the alert Soviet government demanded that the Czech Army must hand over its weapons when passing through Siberia.  Carry only a small number of self-defense weapons.

    Under the instigation and arrangement of Britain and France, the Czech Legion refused to carry out the execution, which triggered the so-called rebellion of the Czech Legion in Soviet Russia. Facing this well-organized and well-equipped legion, the fragmented Soviet Russia did not have enough strength for the time being.  Can be contained.

    According to the arrangements of the Allied Powers, one week before the Chinese and Japanese armed forces launched the Allied military intervention in the Far East and east of Lake Baikal on February 28, 1918, the leaders of the Czechoslovak National Council Masaryk and Benes  After a series of bargaining with Britain and France, it was agreed to use the Czech Legion to stage a rebellion in Siberia.

    The rebellion of the Czech Legion brought a considerable armed force to the Siberian Autonomous Provisional Government that had just been announced in Ufa. As Minister of Military Affairs, Kolchak only had 6,000 troops at this time, and received the Czech Legion.  With the support of 50,000 people, Kolchak commanded the newly formed White Guards and the Czech Army under the provisional government to move westward and launch an attack on Kazan.

    The Czech Army not only maintained the independence of its command, but also coordinated operations under the command of Kolchak. In just one week, Kolchak's White Guards and the Czech Army were invincible and quickly captured Nizhny Kam.  In Sksk and Kazan, especially in Kazan, the former Tsarist Russian general garrison commander Infantry Lieutenant General Suchenov led his division to a battlefield uprising and declared his allegiance to the provisional government and accepted Kolchak's command.

    The day Kolchak captured the important town of Kazan happened to be February 28, 1918.
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