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Volume 2: My Country Chapter 633. The United States Enters the War

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    !At 8:55, the second wave of attacks began.  Japanese fighter jets first attacked sporadic U.S. aircraft in the air to ensure control of the air.

    When the Japanese plane saw a U.S. plane approaching, it hurried away. The U.S. plane swooped over. Sanders opened fire on the leading Japanese plane. The Japanese plane immediately emitted thick smoke and staggered into the sea.

    Soon after the air raid began, the Hawaii Medical Association received an emergency call to rescue the wounded. Within twenty minutes, doctors and volunteers had loaded stretchers and medical equipment into cars and headed straight to the scene.  The women of the Automobile Group drove every available car and carried the troops to Pearl Harbor.  The situation on the highway was already in chaos. Military vehicles, fire trucks, ambulances and hundreds of taxis transporting officers and soldiers to combat posts were jammed on the ten-kilometer-long highway, and the sound of horns rang through the sky.  The female drivers of the car brigade performed particularly well, and they were truly unparalleled among women.  The injured officers and soldiers were rushed to Tripler Army Hospital. The hospital urgently summoned doctors from Honolulu to participate in the rescue. It happened that fifty doctors were listening to John from New York.  Dr. Moorehead explained wartime surgery and immediately rushed to the hospital to get involved in rescue work.  Dr. Moorehead just demonstrated a new medical device that can quickly detect metals in the human body.  The instrument proved of great value that morning, saving many precious hours waiting for X-ray films to be developed.

    At the Naval Hospital, patients who were originally being treated and recuperated in the hospital were sent to temporary wards outside to free up hospital beds for the injured who were brought in on stretchers.  Many young sailors lost arms and legs, and hundreds more were burned by the flames.  The courage of these young people is unbelievable. The ward is full of injured people, many of them are seriously injured or even dying, but there is silence and no one moans.

    After the first wave of attacks, the U.S. military was ready for battle, so the second wave was met with more intense anti-aircraft fire.  20 Japanese aircraft were shot down, including 6 fighters and 14 bombers.

    At 9:45, the second wave of planes began to return.  Fuchida flew the plane around Pearl Harbor at low altitude and photographed the scene after the bombing before returning home as the last one.

    At 10 o'clock, the task force led by Lieutenant General Halsey and centered on the aircraft carrier "Enterprise" completed the task of transporting reinforcement fighter jets to Wake Island. On its way back to Pearl Harbor, it received a message from Pacific Fleet Commander Kimmel.  The general ordered to pursue the Japanese fleet south.  This order was issued based on a series of erroneous reports and radio positioning. Fortunately, it was in the wrong direction. Otherwise, if Halsey's small fleet really fought against the Japanese fleet, it would definitely be wiped out by the Japanese army. Then it would be impossible.  There are Halsey and the USS Enterprise aircraft carrier who will make great achievements in the Pacific in the future.  In vain, Halsey led the fleet and returned to Pearl Harbor on the afternoon of December 9.

    At eleven o'clock, the plasma stock in the hospital's blood bank dropped sharply.  Dr. Pinkerton immediately broadcast an appeal for blood donations.  Within half an hour, 500 people had gathered outside the hospital waiting to donate blood. Medical staff tested and drew blood at 12 locations, but they were still short of staff and some people even waited for seven hours to donate blood.

    On December 12, the assault formation on its way back received an order from Yamamoto and sent a number of troops to support the landing operation on Wake Island.  According to this order, Nagumo dispatched two aircraft carriers, two cruisers, and two destroyers each to support the Wake Island landing operation, and he led the main force to continue returning.

    Admiral Nimitz, who later succeeded Kimmel as commander of the U.S. Pacific Fleet, believed that Nagumo limited the assault time to one day and limited the assault target to a limited range, failing to make the most of this hard-won golden opportunity.  Yamamoto Isoroku commented that Nagumo was mediocre, saying that when he was commanding, he was like a little thief breaking into a house. At the beginning, he was ambitious and bold, but as soon as he succeeded, he became timid and eager to escape.  Because the Japanese army did not conduct a third attack, and in the first two attacks, the Japanese army only focused on attacking military targets and did not attack Pearl Harbor's various shipyards with complete shipbuilding facilities and the oil depot that stored 40,000 gallons of fuel.  In the future, the U.S. military used shipyard equipment to quickly salvage and repair damaged warships. It was the use of fuel from the oil depot that enabled aircraft carriers to frequently attack, restoring the combat effectiveness of the Pacific Fleet in a short period of time.  Imagine that even if the Japanese army only blew up the oil depot, it would be enough to prevent the intact Pacific Fleet from dispatching for six months.  This was the biggest mistake made by the Japanese army in this sneak attack!

    When Japanese aircraft began bombing, the Japanese mini-submarine I-16, piloted by Lieutenant Masaharu Yokoyama and Sergeant Major Ueda Sadaji, sneaked into Pearl Harbor and took advantage of the situation. They fired two torpedoes but failed to hit the target. At around 22:00 p.m.  A telegram was sent to the mothership that the attack was successful, but it was later sunk by the US military.  The I-24 pocket submarine was discovered by a US ship at the entrance of the port. It was attacked and escaped with injuries. Due to the serious injuries, it lost control of the control, causing it to hit the rocks twice. In addition, the battery power was exhausted and it was unable to launch torpedoes. The two crew members had to  Abandon boat.  The other two mini-submarines were sunk by the US military at the entrance to Pearl Harbor.  Among the ten crew members of this special attack team, only the captain Shimaki and the male second lieutenant of the I-24 boat survived by chance and became Taipei.?The first Japanese soldier captured by the US military during the war.

    The Japanese army deployed a total of 20 submarines around "Jin". Firstly, they were used for reconnaissance and surveillance. Secondly, they were prepared to ambush the US ships trying to leave the port to avoid or pursue the Japanese fleet during the air attack. Since no US ships left the port during the air attack, they were not  There are results.  However, the "I-70" submarine was discovered by a US aircraft and sunk by a US aircraft while tracking the returning USS Enterprise aircraft carrier formation on the afternoon of December 9. None of the 68 officers and soldiers on board survived.  The remaining submarines gradually evacuated Pearl Harbor after the attack.

    The entire air strike lasted about two hours, and the actual attack time was about one hour and thirty minutes.  The Japanese army consumed a total of 40 torpedoes and 556 bombs of various types, totaling approximately 144 tons.

    29 aircraft were lost in the battle. Because the Japanese pilots were determined to die and did not carry parachutes, all 55 pilots on board were killed.  In addition, one plane crashed due to malfunction during takeoff, and two planes crashed due to wandering during return, resulting in a total loss of 32 aircraft.  One large submarine and five mini-submarines were also lost, with 77 crew members killed and one captured.  Total personnel losses were 133.

    Four U.S. battleships, the USS Arizona, the USS California, the USS West Virginia and the USS Oklahoma, as well as a minelayer, the USS Oglala, and a target ship, the USS Utah, were sunk.  One battleship, three cruisers, three destroyers were seriously damaged, three battleships, three cruisers, and five auxiliary ships were slightly damaged.  260 aircraft were destroyed and 63 were damaged.  2,334 people died, 916 were missing, and 1,341 were injured.

    "California" and "West Virginia" were later salvaged and rejoined the war.  The US military also inspected the sunken USS Arizona to see if there was any possibility of salvage. In the end, seeing that there was no hope, the USS Arizona was dismantled and the underwater part of the hull was left where it sank.

    Although the three aircraft carriers and 22 other warships of the U.S. Pacific Fleet, the main targets of the sneak attack, were not in Pearl Harbor, and the oil depots and shipyards were not damaged, the Japanese army's sneak attack was well-organized, acted decisively, cost little, and achieved great results.  , a classic battle that can be called a surprise attack.

    Roosevelt finally received the news of Japan¡¯s attack on Pearl Harbor.  And now, it's time to declare war on Japan!

    As the president went to Capitol Hill to demand a declaration of war on Japan, smoke was rising from the exposed chimneys of the sunken warships at Pearl Harbor.  The crooked triangular mast of the battleship Arizona and the capsized hull of the Oklahoma stood upright at the anchorage.  The USS Arizona has become the grave of nearly 1,100 officers and soldiers.  The Oklahoma looked like a giant whale trying to wash up on shore.  Small boats moved slowly in and out, pulling bodies of sailors and Marines from the oily water.  A total of 19 warships were sunk or damaged, including all combat ships of the Pacific Fleet.  According to statistics, the United States lost 265 aircraft, most of which were blown up while neatly arranged on the ground.  A total of 2,403 people have died in the United States.  1,178 people were injured; the Japanese lost 29 aircraft and 55 pilots.  Pearl Harbor was the most serious tragedy in U.S. military history.

    When Roosevelt, supported by his son James, walked to the podium of the House of Representatives, there were bursts of thunderous applause, and Republicans also applauded.  For the first time in years, political animosity at a time of national emergency has disappeared.  The attack on Pearl Harbor united the American people to support Franklin.  Roosevelt.  He held the podium with one hand and opened his notebook with the other.  His eyes glanced around the hall for a moment, looking at the cabinet ministers sitting in the front row, the justices of the Supreme Court and the diplomatic envoys from various countries, and then looked up at the packed auditorium in the auditorium, where his wife and Woodrow.  Wilson's wife sat with him.  Across the country, Americans gathered around radios to listen to the familiar voice of Roosevelt, who said very deliberately: "Yesterday, December 12, 1942 - that infamous day, the United States came under attack by the Imperial Japanese Navy and Air Force.  A sudden attack. The United States and that country were at peace and were still in dialogue with the Japanese government and the Emperor at Japan's request, hoping to maintain peace in the Pacific. The attack caused heavy losses to the U.S. Navy and Army.  In light of Japan's despicable attack on Sunday, December 12, I ask the United States Congress to declare a state of war between the United States and the Empire of Japan."

    The Senate unanimously approved the president's request within an hour without debate, and the House of Representatives listened to several speeches and then voted to pass it, with only one person objecting.

    Montana Representative Janet.  One of the dissenting votes was Rankin, who also voted against America's entry into World War I.

    The United States has officially entered the world war!
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