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Volume 3: A blow of destiny, the king appears Chapter 68: Building a hut by the Huanhua Stream

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    One of the Demon Guardians - Du Fu

    Du Fu (712-770), courtesy name Zimei, also known as Shaoling Yelao, Duling Yelao, Duling Buyi, was a realist poet of the Tang Dynasty. His works are famous for their social realism.  ¡òLiterary Museumr />

    Born in Gong County, Henan Province, China (now Gongyi City, Henan Province).  His ancestral home is Xiangyang, Hubei (now Xiangyang City, Hubei Province).  Because he was a member of Zuo Shiyi and the Ministry of Inspection and Engineering, later generations called him Du Shiyi and Du Gongbu; and because he built a thatched cottage and lived in Shaoling outside Chang'an City, he was also called Du Shaoling and Du Thatched Cottage.

    Du Fu and Li Bai are collectively called Li Du. In order to distinguish them from the other two poets Li Shangyin and Du Mu, who are Little Li and Du, Du Fu and Li Bai are also called Big Li and Du. Du Fu is also often called Old Du.

    Du Fu and Du Mu are distant relatives, and they are both descendants of Du Yu, the general who destroyed Sun Wu in the Jin Dynasty.  Although his reputation was not prominent while he was alive, after his death, Du Fu's works ultimately had a profound impact on Chinese and Japanese literature. About 1,500 poems have been preserved, and the collection of his works is "Du Gongbu Collection".

    His influence in Chinese classical poetry is very profound. He is called the Saint of Poetry by later generations, and his poems are also called the history of poetry.

    Du Fu was born in the Du family in Jingzhao. His ancestors were Du Zhou, the imperial censor of the Han Dynasty, and Du Yu, the Marquis of Dangyang in the Jin Dynasty.

    There are very few records of Du Fu¡¯s early life, which are mainly known from his poems.

    Du Fu was born in 712. The exact place of birth is not yet known, but it is estimated to be in Gong County (today's Gongyi City).

    His grandfather Du Shenyan was a famous politician and poet during the Wu Zetian period. (Shenyan) Shao, Li Qiao, Cui Rong, and Su Weiwei were the four friends of the article, with the world names Cui, Li, Su, and Du. His father Du Shenyan  Xian, once served as an official to the county magistrates of Sima and Fengtian (now Qianxian County, Shaanxi Province) in Yanzhou (now Shandong Province) to review his opinions on Xianxian.  Xianshengfu.

    Du Fu's mother was from Wucheng in the east of Qinghe (now part of Shandong). She died shortly after Du Fu was born. His father Du Xian continued to marry the Lu family. Du Fu did not get much maternal love from the Lu family. Instead, his second aunt took on the responsibility.  The role of mother brought up little Du Fu.

    Du Fu had an elder brother who died young, and three half-brothers and a half-sister. Du Fu often mentioned them in his poems.  But Du Fu never mentioned his stepmother in his poems.

    Du Fu has been eager to learn since he was a child. He was able to compose poems at the age of seven. He became strong at the age of seven. He chanted phoenixes and was determined to serve the kings of Yao and Shun.  If the customs are pure, it can be seen that Du Fu is a precocious child.

    Du Fu was very naughty when he was young. Recalling that he was still a child at the age of fifteen, he was as healthy as a yellow calf walking back.  In August, pears and dates ripen in front of the court, and the tree can climb a thousand times in one day.  But this precocious child's super memory and outstanding literary talent left a deep impression on people, and Li Yong wanted to know him.  Wang Han is willing to predict his neighbors.

    Du Fu traveled several times during his youth.  When he was nineteen years old, he traveled to Xunxia (now Yishi County, Shanxi).

    When he was twenty years old, he roamed Wuyue for several years.  Kaiyuan twenty-three years (735 years).  Return to hometown to participate in rural tribute.  In the 24th year, he took the Jinshi examination in Luoyang and failed.

    His father was the Sima of Yanzhou at that time, so Du Fu went to Yanzhou to visit relatives and began his tour of Qi and Zhao.  Kaiyuan twenty-nine years.  He returned to Luoyang and built a house at the foot of Shouyang Mountain.  About this time.  Married the daughter of Sinong Shaoqing Yang Yi.

    In the third year of Tianbao (744), Du Fu met Li Bai in Luoyang, who was given gold and released by Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty. The two met on a trip to the Liang and Song Dynasties.

    After that, Du Fu went to Qizhou (now Jinan, Shandong).  In the autumn of the fourth year, he went to Yanzhou to meet Li Bai. The two of them searched for immortals and Taoism together, talked about poetry and essays, and formed a deep friendship that they slept together in the autumn and walked hand in hand.

    At the end of autumn, the two shook hands and said goodbye. Du Fu ended his debauchery between Qi and Zhao.

    In the sixth year of Tianbao's reign, Xuanzong ordered those who had mastered the art in the world to take the examination in Chang'an, and Du Fu also took part in the examination.  Because Li Linfu, the powerful prime minister, staged a farce in which no virtuous people were included, all the scholars who took part in the examination failed.

    The road to the imperial examination was unavailable. In order to realize his political ideals, Du Fu had to go to the powerful and powerful, and gave gifts to officials, etc., but to no avail.

    He lived in Chang'an for ten years, running around to give gifts, but he was depressed and frustrated in his official career. He lived a life of poverty. He failed to win the imperial examination and was trapped in Chang'an.

    In the first month of Tianbao's tenth year, Xuanzong will hold three grand ceremonies to sacrifice Taiqing Palace, Ancestral Temple and Heaven and Earth. Du Fu then presented three "big gifts" in the winter of Tianbao's ninth year. Xuanzong appreciated it and ordered it to be made in Jixianyuan. However, only  He had to participate in the selection process and wait for assignment. Because the examiner was still Li Linfu, he did not get the official position.

    It was not until the 14th year that Du Fu was given the rank of Hexi Lieutenant, a minor official who was responsible for exploiting the people. However, Du Fu was unwilling to let the Hexi Lieutenant leave, and he was in a miserable official position, so the court changed him to the right guard to lead the army.  An official position, responsible for guarding weapons, armor, staff, and managing door locks and keys).

    Since Du Fu is already forty-four years old, it has been ten years since he arrived in Chang'an.For the rest of my life, I accepted this useless position to make a living.  In November, Du Fu went to Fengxian to visit his family. As soon as he entered the house, he heard that he was crying. It turned out that the child had died of starvation.  Based on his ten years' experience in Chang'an and what he saw along the way, he wrote the famous "Five Hundred Words of Empathy from Beijing to Fengxian County".

    Just this month, the Anshi Rebellion broke out.  In June of the following year, Tongguan fell, and Xuanzong fled to Chengdu in panic.  In July, Prince Li Heng was located in Lingwu and became Suzong.

    At this time, Du Fu had moved his family to Qiang Village in Yanzhou (now Fuxian County, Shaanxi Province) for refuge. When he heard that Suzong had ascended the throne, he immediately went north alone in August and defected to Lingwu. Unfortunately, he was captured by the rebels on the way and was taken to Chang'an.  , Wang Wei, who was also captured, was under strict supervision, but was not imprisoned because of his junior rank.

    The poet witnessed the ruin of the country and the brutality of the rebels, and felt sad about the situation. He wrote immortal poems such as "Looking at Spring", "Sorrow at the Head of the River", and "Sorrow for the King and Grandson".

    In April of the second year of Zhide (757), Guo Ziyi's army came to the north of Chang'an. Du Fu took the risk to escape from Chang'an through Jinguangmen in Chengxi, crossed the two opposing armies, and went to Fengxiang (today's Fengxiang, Shaanxi) to defect to Suzong. He saw the emperor in his shoes.  The sleeves are exposed at both elbows.

    On May 16, he was awarded Zuo Shiyi by Su Zong, and was called Du Shiyi in his old life.  Unexpectedly, Du Fu soon angered Suzong by rescuing Fang Guan, and ordered the three ministers to ask questions. Fortunately, Prime Minister Zhang Hao saved him. In December, Suzong recalled Du Fu and resumed his post as Zuo Shiyi.

    In May of the seventeenth year of Tianbao, Helan Jinming framed Fang Guan and Du Fu was implicated, and he was alienated by Suzong from then on.  In the eighth month of the leap year, the imperial family of Yunzhou was released.  In June of the first year of Qianyuan (758), he was demoted to Huazhou Sigong and joined the army, and left the court forever.

    In the winter of that year, Du Fu went from Huazhou to Luoyang. In the spring of the next year, when he returned to Huazhou, Guo Ziyi's 600,000-strong army was defeated at the Battle of Yecheng during the Ninth Festival of the Tang Army. The imperial court wanted to recruit soldiers to replenish the army. Du Fu saw and felt what he saw along the way.  , and wrote the famous poems Three Officials and Three Farewells.

    In July, Du Fu abandoned his official position and went to Qinzhou (today's Tianshui, Gansu Province), where he began his arduous life journey away from the wind and dust in the northeast and wandering among the heaven and earth in the southwest.

    During the wandering journey, Du Fu's family experienced hardships and was once on the verge of despair.  In October, Du Fu, who was short of food and clothing, left Qinzhou with his family and went south to Tonggu (now Chengxian County, Gansu Province), hoping to solve the problem of food and clothing.  Unexpectedly, after joining the valley, their living conditions not only did not improve, but fell into a desperate situation of hunger and cold.

    Du Fu recorded this most difficult time in his poems with every word of blood and tears. The boy was not born and became famous, but he was already old. He had been hungry for three years and walked on the barren mountain road.  How many years have you been the Prime Minister of Chang'an? If you are rich, you must die early.  The Confucian scholars in the mountains are old acquaintances, but the old words hurt my embrace.  The final song of the seven songs is quiet, looking up at the emperor's sky and the sun is speeding

    In early December, Du Fu had no choice but to flee again. He left Tonggu with his family and went to Sichuan. He arrived in Chengdu at the end of the year. Yan Wu, who was the Yin of Chengdu at the time, was a good friend of Du Fu. He gave Du Fu a lot of help, and Du Fu's life began to stabilize.  Wu Yufu was old and well treated.  Because he had been traveling around and fleeing for a year, Du Fu said that he was forced to do hard work and was tired of things.

    In the spring of the first year of Shangyuan (760), with the help of relatives and friends, the Du Fu family built a thatched cottage on the bank of Huanhua Creek in the western suburbs of Chengdu, which became the famous Du Fu Thatched Cottage in Chengdu. Du Fu sent Yan Wu to the court to Mianzhou (today's  Mianyang, Sichuan).
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