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Volume 3: A blow of destiny, the king appears Chapter 74: Grass Saint, Book Saint

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    One of the Demonic Rebels: The Floating Pot Space©¤Zhang Xu

    Zhang Xu (date of birth and death unknown; one estimate is 658-747), courtesy name Bogao, was a well-known calligrapher in the mid-Tang Dynasty of China.  Born in Wu County, Wu County (now Suzhou City, Jiangsu Province), he is known as the Sage of Cao in the calligraphy circle.  During the Kaiyuan period of the Tang Dynasty, he was promoted to Changshu Wei, and later became Jinwu Changshi. The world called him Zhang Changshi.

    The detailed experience of Zhang Xu is unknown. We only know that he served in the imperial court, served as an official in Chang'an and Shangjing, and met Yan Zhenqing and Du Fu, who were also officials.

    Zhang Xu is known for his heavy drinking.  In Du Fu's poem "The Song of the Eight Immortals in Drinking", Zhang Xu is also one of the characters described, and he and others are called the Eight Immortals in Drinking.

    Zhang Xu is famous for his cursive script, which is the most unrestrained and free in calligraphy. According to the "New Book of Tang Dynasty", Zhang Xu likes to write works after being drunk, which is called crazy cursive script.

    His calligraphy is often characterized by grotesque shapes, exaggerated contrasts in thickness and thickness, and lines full of emotion. He was praised in the "Old Book of Tang Dynasty" as being endlessly varied and magical.

    However, Zhang Xu does not only write cursive script. He is the grandson of Lu Jianzhi, another famous calligrapher in the Tang Dynasty. He is also quite proficient in regular script and traditional Chinese painting.  It is said that his inspiration came from watching other people's postures when fighting and practicing swordsmanship.

    Before Zhang Xu, the calligraphy world had always followed Wang Xizhi and Wang Xianzhi as the norm. However, Zhang Xu's calligraphy broke this convention and brought a whirlwind reform to the calligraphy world.

    An unprecedentedly progressive calligrapher.

    It is said that Yan Zhenqing and Li Yangbing were his disciples, but without proof, it is difficult to determine the authenticity.  Yan Zhenqing later emerged as a calligraphy reformer in the Tang Dynasty.

    There are many records about Zhang Xu in the Tang Dynasty, the most well-known of which is that when he was inspired after drinking, he would even be so excited that he would write works with his hair.

    Zhang Xu's handed down works include "Four Ancient Poems", "Thousand Words", "Lang Guan Stone Pillar", "Sad Qingqiu Fu", "Bellyache" and so on.

    Among them, the content of "Four Posts on Ancient Poems" includes two "Buxu Ci" by the poet Yu Xin, and two poems by the poet Xie Lingyun: "Ode to the Prince Jin" and "Ode to the Husband under the Rock and the Four or Five Young People".  There are 40 lines in total.  Height 288 cm, width 1923 cm, written on five-color paper.  Now in the Liaoning Provincial Museum, China.

    His works were once loved by Tang Zong Li Ang and listed as one of the three masterpieces.

    At that time, there was another younger calligrapher Huai Su in the Tang Dynasty who was also good at cursive script. He also liked to write works after being drunk, and his common name Zhang Zuisu was spread in the world.

    "Old Tang Book": Zhang Xu of Wu County was good at cursive calligraphy and good at wine.  Every time when he is drunk, he will run wildly while shouting and swaying his pen, with endless changes, if there is divine help.

    One of the Demon Guardians - Wang Xizhi

    Wang Xizhi (303-361) had a little courtesy name.  He was originally from Linyi, Langye (now part of Shandong), and later moved to Shanyin (now Shaoxing, Zhejiang). He was a calligrapher in the Eastern Jin Dynasty of China and was known as the sage of calligraphy. Later, he became a general of the Right Army.  He is known as Wang Youjun.  His calligraphers were Mrs. Chengwei and Zhong Yao.

    There are no authentic works of Wang Xizhi handed down to the world.  The famous "Preface to the Lanting Collection" and other manuscripts were all copied by later generations.  )

    When Wang Xizhi was seven years old, he learned calligraphy from the calligrapher Wei Shuo. When Yu Yi was in Jingzhou, he saw people competing to imitate Wang Xizhi's calligraphy style. He disapproved and said: "Children are cheap chickens and love wild ducks. They all learn Yi Shao Shu, so I have to return it."  Compare it to that.

    It is said that there is a small pond near Wang Xizhi's residence. Wang Xizhi would wash his brushes here after practicing calligraphy and practice calligraphy every day for a long time.  The water in the pool turns black and can be directly dipped into it to fill with ink.

    When Wang Xizhi was serving as the governor of Yongjia County in Wenzhou, he once sprayed ink in Mochifang, which is now Wenzhou, so there was an inkchi in front of the old Lucheng District Municipal Government in Wenzhou.

    Wang Xizhi after crossing south.  Good landscapes and making friends, people at that time looked at Wang Youjun.  Floating like clouds, as powerful as a frightening dragon, on March 3, the ninth year of Yonghe (353), he and Sun Chuo, Xu Xun, Xie Shang, Zhi Dun and others gathered at the Orchid Pavilion in Shanyin for a banquet.  Two years after the "Preface to the Lanting Collection" was written, because he was not reused by the imperial court, he was admitted to the county due to illness.  Zhonglao Jinting, Shengxian County.  Xu Xun learned that the Wang family lived in seclusion in Jinting, so he came from Xiaoshan to be their neighbor.  He was buried in Jido Temple, Xiaojia Township.

    Wang Xizhi's calligraphy practice changed the popular Zhangcao, Bafenjincao, running script and regular script at that time, which was the peak of the calligraphy style transformation period.

    His calligraphy rulers and tablets are scattered among famous works such as Zhu Fa Tie, Shi Qi Tie, Ri Sang Luan, and Kong Shi in Tang Dynasty.  His son Wang Xianzhi is also a calligrapher.  Xizhi once tutored Xie An of the Xie family in Chen County, and Xie An's calligraphy also became a standard.

    During the reign of Emperor Taizong of the Tang Dynasty, there were more than 3,000 volumes of Wang Xizhi's calligraphy. By the time of Emperor Taizong of the Song Dynasty, there were only more than 160 pieces. Today, there are only 20 copies of Wang Xizhi's calligraphy surviving in the world.

    (Copy of the Tang Dynasty, together with the Mid-Autumn Festival and Boyuan Tie, collectively known as Sanxi, collected by the National Palace Museum in Taipei)

    Preface to Lanting (known as the best running script in the world, Yan Zhenqing's manuscript for memorial to his nephew is the second, Su Shi's Huangzhou cold food poems is the third), Shenlong, hidden in the Palace Museum in Beijing)

      Huang Ting Jing (also known as "Changing Geese", Song Dynasty rubbings are collected in the Palace Museum, Beijing)

    Ping An Tie, He Ru Tie, Fengju Tie (collected by the National Palace Museum, Taipei)

    On Le Yi (Liang Tuo)

    Sang Luan, Er Xie, De Shi Tie (identified as a double-check ink copy of the Tang Dynasty, collected by the Japanese imperial family)

    Emperor Wu of Liang Dynasty, Xiao Yan, commented on his book and said: Wang Xizhi's calligraphy is majestic and graceful, like a dragon jumping over the Tianmen Gate and a tiger crouching on the Phoenix Tower.

    Li Shimin, Emperor Taizong of the Tang Dynasty, praised: After carefully studying the ancient and modern times, and studying the seal script, it is perfect, but Wang Yi is the only one who has less!  Observe the craftsmanship of the point and drag, the cutting is wonderful, the smoke is dew and the knot is strong, it is as strong as being broken but still connected; the phoenix is ??like a dragon and the dragon is like a slant, but it is straight.  You won't feel tired after playing it, and you won't know the end of it after reading it.  He imitates with his mind and pursues with his hands, this is just him, and the rest are just trivial, so it doesn¡¯t matter!

    Li Bai of the Tang Dynasty wrote a poem "Wang Youjun": Youjun is pure and free from the dust of the world.  Visitors who pass by Shanyin love this good goose guest.  Su Su writes sutras with exquisite penmanship.  After finishing the book, I left the cage with the goose. How could I say goodbye to my master?

    Xi Zhi¡¯s Love Goose Painting in the Corridor of the Summer Palace Xi Jian sent his disciples to the palace to select a son-in-law. All the disciples in the palace deliberately remained reserved, except Wang Xizhi who exposed his belly on the east bed and ate biscuits.

    Xi Jian thought that he was a suitable candidate and decided to marry his daughter Xi Xuan to him.  Therefore, the son-in-law is called the dong bed, so the dong bed is frank or the dong bed is quick to have a son-in-law, which has become synonymous with praising a daughter-in-law for marrying into a good home.

    Wang Xizhi is obsessed with geese. Legend has it that he likes to observe the movements of goose paws when they swim in the water, and learn from them to improve his calligraphy wrist skills.

    There was a Taoist priest in Shanyin who hoped that Wang Xizhi could copy a copy of "Huang Ting Jing" for him, but he did not dare to propose it rashly.  He carefully raised white geese, gave them to him as gifts, and made a request to write scriptures. Wang Xizhi agreed and copied a copy of "Huang Ting Jing" as a gift to him.

    Later, this "Huang Ting Jing" was called the second official book of Youjun, and was also called "Huang Ge Tie".

    Li Bai's poem "The flowing water of Jinghu Lake is full of clear waves, and many crazy tourists return to their boats to enjoy themselves."  If the mountain warriors meet each other, they should write Huang Ting for the white goose.

    Huai Su (725-785) was a calligrapher of the Tang Dynasty.  Zangzhen was born in Changsha (or Lingling in another name), and his common surname was Qian.  He studies books diligently and is famous for his good cursive skills.

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    Poet Li Bai: The young master is called Huai Su, his cursive script is known as Dubu in the world, fishes fly out of the ink pond, and all the Zhongshan rabbits are killed with the sharp strokes of his pen.  After my master got drunk, he leaned on the rope bed and swept away thousands of them in a moment.  The wind and rain are blowing, the falling flowers and flying snow are so vast, it's like hearing the sounds of gods and ghosts, and seeing dragons and snakes running away from time to time.  The left and the right are stunned like lightning, like Chu and Han fighting each other.

    It is said that when Huaisu was young, his family was poor and he had no paper to practice calligraphy, so he planted more than ten thousand banana trees and used banana leaves to practice calligraphy.

    Zhong Yao (151-230), courtesy name Yuanchang, was born in Changshe, Yingchuan, Yuzhou (today's Changge, Henan). He was an important minister of Cao Wei and a famous calligrapher during the Three Kingdoms period. He was an official and became a Taifu. After his death, he was given the posthumous title of Marquis Cheng.

    Zhong Yao is quite accomplished in calligraphy, and together with the calligrapher Wang Xizhi of the Jin Dynasty, he is known as the King of Zhong.
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